Neurobiology of fear responses: the role of the amygdala.
Neurobiology of fear responses: the role of the amygdala.
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DOI：
10.1176/jnp.9.3.382
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Michael Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael Davis
使用各种实验技术和动物物种的许多不同实验室的证据表明，杏仁核在条件性恐惧和焦虑以及注意力方面发挥着关键作用。许多杏仁核投射区域与用来衡量恐惧和焦虑的特定迹象密切相关。电刺激杏仁核会引发一种模仿自然或条件性恐惧的行为模式。杏仁核的损伤阻断了先天或条件性的恐惧，以及各种注意力的测量，以及向杏仁核局部注射药物，在几个行为测试中都有缓解焦虑的效果。杏仁核中的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体在条件性恐惧的获得中可能是重要的，而非NMDA受体对于条件性恐惧的表达是重要的。促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素多肽似乎在恐惧或焦虑中特别重要，它可能在杏仁核内起作用，协调部分恐惧反应。
Evidence from many different laboratories using a variety of experimental techniques and animal species indicates that the amygdala plays a crucial role in conditioned fear and anxiety, as well as attention. Many amygdaloid projection areas are critically involved in specific signs used to measure fear and anxiety. Electrical stimulation of the amygdala elicits a pattern of behaviors that mimic natural or conditioned fear. Lesions of the amygdala block innate or conditioned fear, as well as various measures of attention, and local infusions of drugs into the amygdala have anxiolytic effects in several behavioral tests. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the amygdala may be important in the acquisition of conditioned fear, whereas non-NMDA receptors are important for the expression of conditioned fear. The peptide corticotropin-releasing hormone appears to be especially important in fear or anxiety and may act within the amygdala to orchestrate parts of the fear reaction.