Effects of urbanization on Neotropical wasp and bee assemblages in a Brazilian metropolis
Effects of urbanization on Neotropical wasp and bee assemblages in a Brazilian metropolis
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城市化对巴西大都市新热带黄蜂和蜜蜂群落的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.02.003
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
S. Ribeiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Zanette;R. Martins;S. Ribeiro
世界上许多地方城市的迅速发展，刺激了越来越多的城市环境的生态研究。在这里，12个研究地点在贝洛奥里藏特市（MG），巴西东南部，进行了比较，分析与城市化的物种丰富度和丰富的本地黄蜂和蜜蜂的栖息地变化的影响。两个空间尺度被认为是：大部分的城市景观（整个网站）和这些网站（公共广场）内的小面积。总体而言，作为优势物种的高级真社会性蜜蜂（即无刺蜂）的数量直接受到植被覆盖丧失和与城市化有关的建筑物增加的影响。这种影响的程度根据每个物种的筑巢习惯而有所不同。与城市化相关的植被覆盖的丧失也对高级真社会性黄蜂的丰度和物种丰富度产生了负面影响。通才种类的蜜蜂和黄蜂，如三棱刺和Polybia oceanentalis，是非常丰富的，不敏感的生境变化与城市化。先进的真社会性蜜蜂也响应小规模的栖息地的变化（大小和植被覆盖的公共广场）。没有发现之间的关系，孤立的和原始的真社会性黄蜂和蜜蜂和栖息地的变化考虑在这里。城市环境中的保护策略需要考虑不同的空间尺度，以保持或提高当地的黄蜂和蜜蜂的多样性。
The rapid growth of cities in many parts of the world has stimulated an increasing number of ecological studies of urban environments. Here, 12 study sites in the city of Belo Horizonte (MG), southeastern Brazil, were compared to analyze the effects of habitat changes related to urbanization on the species richness and abundance of native wasps and bees. Two spatial scales were considered: large portions of the urban landscape (entire sites) and small areas within these sites (public squares). Overall, the abundance of advanced eusocial bees (i.e. stingless bees), which were the dominant species, was directly affected by the loss of vegetation cover and the increase of buildings associated with urbanization. The magnitude of this effect varied according to the nesting habits of each species. The loss of vegetation cover associated with urbanization also had a negative effect on the abundance and species richness of advanced eusocial wasps. Generalist species of bees and wasps, such as Trigona spinipes and Polybia occidentalis, were very abundant and not sensitive to the habitat changes related to urbanization. Advanced eusocial bees also responded to small-scale habitat changes (size and vegetation cover of public squares). No relation was found between the solitary and the primitive eusocial wasps and bees and the habitat changes considered here. Conservation strategies in urban environments need to consider different spatial scales in order to maintain or enhance the local diversity of wasps and bees.