Pathogens and parasitic nematodes associated with populations of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in Mexico
Pathogens and parasitic nematodes associated with populations of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in Mexico
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DOI：
10.1653/0015-4040(2003)086
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Arceo-Palacios, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Molina-Ochoa, J;Lezama-Gutierrez, R;Arceo-Palacios, F
在墨西哥的六个州采集了草地贪夜蛾（FAW）幼虫以及土壤样本。2000年夏季，从64个地点的玉米心叶期植株、高粱、饲用高粱和苏丹草田中采集幼虫，以确定昆虫病原微生物和寄生线虫的发生情况。对来自64个地点的共计5591头草地贪夜蛾幼虫进行了本地草地贪夜蛾生物防治因子的检测。幼虫总死亡率为3.935%。由昆虫病原微生物和寄生线虫导致的幼虫死亡率为3.524%，其他原因导致的死亡率占总死亡率的0.411%。从草地贪夜蛾幼虫中分离出了代表两个纲的三种昆虫病原真菌，即丝孢菌纲（莱氏野村菌和一种被毛孢属真菌）和接合菌纲（一种虫霉属真菌），从土壤样本中分离出了两种丝孢菌纲真菌（金龟子绿僵菌和球孢白僵菌）。在哈利斯科州的四个地点、米却肯州的三个地点、纳亚里特州的三个地点以及韦拉克鲁斯州和科利马州各一个地点发现了一种未鉴定的微孢子虫。在纳亚里特州的三个地点的24头草地贪夜蛾幼虫中发现了索线虫，在韦拉克鲁斯州的两个地点的三头幼虫中也发现了索线虫。从锡那罗亚州（2头）、哈利斯科州（2头）、米却肯州（1头）和纳亚里特州（1头）采集到了6头有病毒病症状的幼虫。从科利马州的一个地点和两个地点的土壤样本中分别分离出了异小杆线虫属和斯氏线虫属的昆虫病原线虫。在米却肯州的一个地点的土壤中分离出了斯氏线虫属和异小杆线虫属线虫。在哈利斯科州的两个地点发现了斯氏线虫属线虫。在本次调查中，莱氏野村菌、索线虫和微孢子虫是最常见的病原体和寄生虫。
Larvae of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) and soil samples were collected in six Mexican states. Larvae were collected from whorl-stage corn, grain sorghum, forage sorghum, and Sudan grass fields in 64 locations during the summer of 2000, to determine the occurrence of entomopathogens and parasitic nematodes. A total of 5591 FAW larvae from 64 locations were examined for indigenous FAW biological control agents. Overall total larval mortality was 3.935%. The larval mortality percent due to entomopathogens and parasitic nematodes was 3.524%, other causes reached 0.411% of total mortality. Three species of entomopathogenic fungi representing two classes, Hyphomycetes (Nomuraea rileyi, and Hirsutella sp.) and Zygomycetes (Entomophthora sp.) were recovered from FAW larvae, and two species of Hyphomycetes (Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana) were isolated from soil samples. An unidentified microsporidian was recovered from four locations in the State of Jalisco, three from Michoacan, three from Nayarit, and one from Veracruz and Colima, respectively. Mermithid nematodes were recovered from 24 FAW larvae at three locations in Nayarit and three larvae were recovered from two locations in Veracruz. Six larvae showing symptoms of viral disease were collected from Sinaloa (2), Jalisco (2), Michoacan (1), and Nayarit (1). Entomopathogenic nematodes from the genus Heterorhabditis sp. and Steinernema sp. were isolated from soil samples from Colima in one and two locations, respectively. Steinernema sp., and Heterorhabditis sp. were isolated from soil in one location in Michoacan. Steinernema sp. was recovered from two locations of Jalisco. In this survey, N. rileyi, mermithid nematodes, and microsporidia were the most frequent pathogens and parasites.