Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri:: factors affecting successful eradication of citrus canker
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri:: factors affecting successful eradication of citrus canker
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1364-3703.2004.00197.x
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Achor, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, JH;Gottwald, TR;Achor, DS
分类地位：细菌、变形菌门、γ 细分、Xanthomodales、Xanthomonas 组、axonopodis DNA 同源组、X axonopodis pv。 citri (Hasse) Vauterin 等人。微生物特性：革兰氏阴性、细长、杆状、需氧、通过单极鞭毛运动、在培养物中产生生长缓慢、非粘液菌落、生态专性植物寄生虫。宿主范围：大多数柑橘属植物上亚洲柑橘溃疡病的病原体。病害症状：果实、茎和叶上出现明显隆起的坏死病斑。流行病学：潮湿天气时，细菌从病斑中渗出，短距离通过飞溅传播，中远距离通过风吹雨，全距离通过人为辅助移动传播。农作物损失：严重感染导致落叶、果实受损、早熟。 分布：柑橘溃疡病并不存在于世界上所有亚热带到热带的柑橘栽培地区，因此需要花费大量的监管努力来防止 X axonopodis pv. 的引入和传播。柑橘进入了美洲、澳大利亚和其他地区，这些地区的气候有利于该病的发生。重要性：在更易受影响的品种上抑制柑橘溃疡病的策略有限。有缺陷的水果无法销售，有缺陷的水果则限制市场准入。市场损失的经济影响远大于作物产量和质量下降的影响。有用的网站：http://doacs.state.fl.us/canker、http://www.apsnet.org/education/lessonsplantpath/citruscanker/top.htm、 http://www.apsnet.org/online/feature/citruscanker/，http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/review/citruscanker/，http://www.abecitrus.com.br/fundecitrus.html， http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/PlantContainment/canker.htm，http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/ccanker/。
Taxonomic status: Bacteria, Proteobacteria, gamma subdivision, Xanthomodales, Xanthomonas group, axonopodis DNA homology group, X axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vauterin et al.Microbiological properties: Gram negative, slender, rod-shaped, aerobic, motile by a single polar flagellum, produces slow growing, non-mucoid colonies in culture, ecologically obligate plant parasite.Host range: Causal agent of Asiatic citrus canker on most Citrus spp. and close relatives of Citrus in the family Rutaceae.Disease symptoms: Distinctively raised, necrotic lesions on fruits, stems and leaves.Epidemiology: Bacteria exude from lesions during wet weather and are disseminated by splash dispersal at short range, windblown rain at medium to long range and human assisted movement at all ranges.Crop loss: Severe infections cause defoliation, blemished fruit, Premature fruit drop, die-back of twigs and general debilitation of the tree.Distribution: Citrus canker is not present in all subtropical to tropical regions of citriculture in the world, so considerable regulatory efforts are expended to prevent the introduction and spread of X axonopodis pv. citri into areas in the Americas, Australia and elsewhere, with climates conducive to the disease.Importance: Limited strategies exist for suppression of citrus canker on more susceptible cultivars. Blemished fruit are unmarketable and exposed fruit are restricted in market access. The economic impact of loss of markets is much greater than that from yield and quality reductions of the crop.Useful websites: http://doacs.state.fl.us/canker, http://www.apsnet.org/education/lessonsplantpath/citruscanker/top.htm, http://www.apsnet.org/online/feature/citruscanker/, http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/review/citruscanker/, http://www.abecitrus.com.br/fundecitrus.html, http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/PlantContainment/canker.htm, http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/ccanker/.