Working memory, fluid intelligence, and impulsiveness in heavy media multitaskers
Working memory, fluid intelligence, and impulsiveness in heavy media multitaskers
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DOI：
10.3758/s13423-013-0456-6
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Younggren, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Minear, Meredith;Brasher, Faith;Younggren, Andrea
奥菲尔、纳斯和瓦格纳(2009年《美国国家科学协会论文集》第106期：15583-15587期)报告说，经常使用多种形式媒体的人实际上在多任务处理方面表现得更差，这可能是由于忽视来自外部来源和记忆中的内部表征的无关刺激的困难。使用Ophir等人开发的媒体多任务指数(MMI)，我们识别了重媒体多任务者(HMM)和轻媒体多任务者(LMM)，并对他们进行了注意力、工作记忆、任务转换、液体智力以及自我报告的冲动和自我控制的测量。我们发现，与那些不经常从事媒体多任务的人相比，那些报告参与大量媒体多任务处理的人报告说，他们更冲动，在液态智力测试中表现更差。然而，与LMM相比，我们没有找到证据支持HMM在任务切换等多任务情况下表现得更差的论点，或者它们在处理无关或分散注意力的信息方面存在任何缺陷。
Ophir, Nass, and Wagner (Proceedings of the National Association of Sciences 106:15583-15587, 2009) reported that individuals who routinely engage in multiple forms of media use are actually worse at multitasking, possibly due to difficulties in ignoring irrelevant stimuli, from both external sources and internal representations in memory. Using the media multitasking index (MMI) developed by Ophir et al., we identified heavy media multitaskers (HMMs) and light media multitaskers (LMMs) and tested them on measures of attention, working memory, task switching, and fluid intelligence, as well as self-reported impulsivity and self-control. We found that people who reported engaging in heavy amounts of media multitasking reported being more impulsive and performed more poorly on measures of fluid intelligence than did those who did not frequently engage in media multitasking. However, we could find no evidence to support the contention that HMMs are worse in a multitasking situation such as task switching or that they show any deficits in dealing with irrelevant or distracting information, as compared with LMMs.