NOx enhancements in the middle atmosphere during 2003–2004 polar winter: Relative significance of solar proton events and the aurora as a source
NOx enhancements in the middle atmosphere during 2003–2004 polar winter: Relative significance of solar proton events and the aurora as a source
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DOI：
10.1029/2006jd008326
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发表时间：
2007-12
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Seppälä;M. Clilverd;C. Rodger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Seppälä;M. Clilverd;C. Rodger
在本研究中，我们将GOMOS和POAM III仪器的奇数氮氧化物（NOx）观测数据与无线电波电离指数相结合，详细描述了2003-2004年北半球冬季极地氮氧化物在平流层上层的产生和下降。这些测量结果用于研究太阳质子事件、高能电子沉淀和低能（1-10 keV）电子沉淀对NOx生成及其随后向下输送到平流层上层的相对贡献。研究表明，2003年10月/ 11月太阳质子风暴产生的氮氧化物被输送到平流层上层，这与模式计算一致，但极光产生的氮氧化物也在冬季晚些时候下降。这两个时期都非常显著，一旦到达这些高度，平流层臭氧就会长期大量减少。GOMOS在夜间极地涡旋深处的观测对于区分这两个事件对平流层的影响至关重要。
[1] In this study we combine odd nitrogen (NOx) observations from the GOMOS and POAM III instruments with a radio wave ionization index to provide a detailed description of the generation and descent of polar NOx into the upper stratosphere during the Northern Hemisphere winter of 2003–2004. The measurements are used to study the relative contributions of ionization due to solar proton events, energetic electron precipitation, and low-energy (1–10 keV) electron precipitation on NOx production, and its subsequent downward transport to the upper stratosphere. We show that NOx generated from the large solar proton storm in October/November 2003 was transported into the upper stratosphere in agreement with model calculations, but that aurorally generated NOx also descended later in the winter. Both periods were highly significant and produced large long-lived decreases in stratospheric ozone once it arrived at those altitudes. The observations made by GOMOS deep into the nighttime polar vortex are critical in differentiating between the stratospheric effects of these two events.