The role of lean body mass and physical activity in bone health in children
The role of lean body mass and physical activity in bone health in children
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DOI：
10.1007/s00774-011-0294-4
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Sardinha, Luis B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baptista, Fatima;Barrigas, Carlos;Sardinha, Luis B.
在体育课程中，体能指标（例如有氧能力、肌肉力量、灵活性、体重指数或体脂）通常参考健康标准进行评估。尽管它们在负重或肌肉力量与骨组织特征之间的关系中可能发挥中介作用，但这些健康属性可能与预测骨骼健康不是最相关的。因此，重要的是分析这些因素对骨骼不同部位骨组织变异性的相对贡献，并按性别进行分析，因为男孩和女孩对机械负荷的敏感性可能存在差异。我们比较了 53 名女孩和 64 名年龄为 7.9 至 9.7 岁的男孩的习惯性体力活动 (PA) 和瘦体重（作为负重和肌肉力量的替代指标）以及身体素质（下肢和上肢的有氧运动和肌肉能力）对骨矿物质含量 (BMC) 以及全身大小、腰椎、股骨颈和 1/3 桡骨的影响。在控制骨龄、体重、身高和钙摄入量后，瘦体重是男女骨大小和/或矿物质最重要的预测因子 (p < 0.05)，而习惯性负重 PA 对男孩的 BMC 有正向影响 (p < 0.05)。肌肉对骨骼的影响不是由 PA 决定的，体能评分也不能解释骨骼变异性。股骨颈是与机械负荷因素关系更为密切的骨部位； PA > 608 次/分钟/天（类似于 105 分钟/天的中等强度和剧烈强度）的男孩比体力活动较少的男孩显示出 13-20% 的 BMC，而瘦体重 > 19 公斤的女孩比那些瘦体重较少的女孩显示出 12-19% 的 BMC。这些发现表明，去脂体重是男女骨大小和/或矿化最重要的预测因素，而习惯性负重 PA 似乎对青春期前男孩的骨矿物质产生积极影响，并且在体育课程和其他健康促进计划中需要考虑去脂质量和 PA 两者。
In the context of physical education curricula, markers of physical fitness (e.g., aerobic capacity, muscular strength, flexibility, and body mass index or body fat) are usually evaluated in reference to health standards. Despite their possible mediating role in the relationship between weight-bearing or muscle forces and features of bone tissue, these attributes of fitness may not be the most relevant to predict skeletal health. It is therefore important to analyze the relative contribution of these factors to the variability in bone tissue of different parts of the skeleton, and to analyze it by gender, as sensitivity to mechanical loading can diverge for boys and girls. We compared the effects of habitual physical activity (PA) and lean mass, as surrogates of weight-bearing and muscle forces, and of physical fitness (aerobic and muscle capacity of lower and upper limbs) on bone mineral content (BMC) and size of total body, lumbar spine, femoral neck, and 1/3 radius in 53 girls and 64 boys from 7.9 to 9.7 years of age. After controlling for bone age, body mass, body height, and calcium intake, lean mass was the most important predictor of bone size and/or mineral in both genders (p < 0.05), while habitual weight-bearing PA positively influenced BMC in boys (p < 0.05). The effect of muscle in bone was not determined by PA and fitness score did not explain bone variability. Femoral neck was the bone site more closely associated with mechanical loading factors; boys with a PA > 608 counts/min/day (similar to 105 min/day of moderate and vigorous intensity) showed 13-20% more BMC than those with less physical activity, and girls with a lean mass > 19 kg showed 12-19% more BMC than those with less lean mass. These findings suggest that lean mass was the most important predictor of bone size and/or mineralization in both genders, while habitual weight-bearing PA appears to positively impact on bone mineral in prepubertal boys and that both lean mass and PA need to be considered in physical education curricula and other health-enhancing programs.