The understanding of pretence across the second year of life
The understanding of pretence across the second year of life
复制标题
生命第二年对假装的理解
DOI：
10.1348/026151099165456
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Kahana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Walker;R. Kahana
评估幼儿理解假装变换的能力。15个月、18个月和24个月大的孩子参加了六次假装活动，其中一次或两次假装转变由实验者实施。在单集的转换形式中，两个道具中只有一个被改变。双重变身状态下，两个道具都变身了，但其中一个又恢复了原状。这些事件涉及三种类型的物理变化：空到满，干到湿，干净到脏。每集结束后，孩子们对两个道具中的一个做出假装的反应。15个月大的婴儿在这两种情况下的表现都明显低于偶然：在某些情况下，他们倾向于模仿实验者的假装转变。18个月大的婴儿倾向于模仿或准确地选择道具。24个月大的幼儿的假装反应和发声表明他们理解这两种形式的情节。他们通常会做出正确的反应，这表明他们一直在跟踪规定的假装转换。在这些数据中发现的年龄趋势进行了讨论，就幼儿的新兴技能参与合作假装玩。
Toddlers’ ability to understand pretend transformations was assessed. Children at 15-, 18- and 24-months of age participated in six pretend episodes in which either a single or a double pretend transformation was enacted by an experimenter. In the single transformation form of episodes, only one of two props was altered. In the double transformation form, both props were transformed, but then one was returned to its original state. The episodes involved three types of physical change: empty-to-full, dry-to-wet, and clean-to-dirty. After each episode, children made a pretend response to one of the two props. The 15-month-olds performed significantly below chance for both forms of episode: in some cases, they tended to imitate the pretend transformations of the experimenter. The 18-month-old infants tended to either imitate or make an accurate selection of prop. The 24-month-old toddlers’ pretend responses and vocalizations demonstrated that they understood both forms of the episodes. They usually made correct responses, showing that they kept track of the stipulated pretend transformations. Age trends found in these data are discussed with respect to young toddler's emerging skills in participating in collaborative pretend play.