The South Pole Atmospheric Radiation and Cloud Lidar Experiment (SPARCLE)
The South Pole Atmospheric Radiation and Cloud Lidar Experiment (SPARCLE)
复制标题
南极大气辐射和云激光雷达实验（SPARCLE）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Walden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Walden
南极站正在使用极地大气发射辐射干涉仪（PAERI）测量云层、温室气体和雪面发射的长波辐射光谱。这个实验从2000年11月到2001年11月正在进行。PAERI光谱正被用于改进水汽温室效应的大气辐射模式，并量化水汽、二氧化碳、臭氧和云对南极高原长波能量收支的贡献。这些光谱也被用于云基高度、云光学深度、云冰晶和水滴大小的地面遥感。干涉仪可以配置为透射仪，以测量沿表面附近水平路径的水蒸气吸收。用微脉冲激光雷达测量了云中冰晶后向散射的垂直分布。云中的冰晶，以及钻石尘和吹雪中的冰晶，由系绳气球上飞行的水流星视频探空仪（HYVIS）进行采样，并在它们下落时在表面收集，用于显微观察。该气球还携带一个霜点湿度计，用于测量大气最低一公里处的湿度，用于解释观测到的冰晶形状，并约束辐射模型。
Longwave radiation spectra emitted by clouds, greenhouse gases, and the snow surface are being measured at South Pole Station using the Polar Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (PAERI). This experiment is currently underway from November 2000 to November 2001. The PAERI spectra are being used to improve atmospheric radiation models of the water-vapor greenhouse effect, and to quantify the contributions of water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, and clouds to the longwave energy budget of the Antarctic Plateau. The spectra are also being used for groundbased remote sensing of cloud base heights, cloud optical depths, and sizes of cloud ice crystals and water droplets. The interferometer can be configured as a transmissometer to measure absorption of water vapor along a horizontal path near the surface. The vertical distribution of backscattering by ice crystals in clouds is measured by a micropulse lidar. Ice crystals in clouds, as well in diamond dust and blowing snow, are sampled by a hydrometeor videosonde (HYVIS) flying on a tethered balloon, and are also collected at the surface as they fall, for photomicroscopy. The balloon also carries a frost-point hygrometer to measure humidity in the lowest kilometer of the atmosphere, for use in explaining the ice crystal shapes observed and to constrain the radiation modeling.