ALCOHOL AND ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE
ALCOHOL AND ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a044985
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
LI, TK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EHRIG, T;BOSRON, WF;LI, TK
人体内主要负责乙醇降解的酶是肝脏酒精脱氢酶（ADH）和醛脱氢酶（ALDH）。两种酶均存在多态性，在稳态动力学常数上存在显著差异。ADH同工酶对乙醇的km值为49 μM ~ 36 μM， vmax为0.6 ~ 10 U/mg。表达无活性形式的ALDH2同工酶，即所谓的东方变体，会导致乙醛代谢能力受损。在乙醇和乙醛的等位酶形式的代谢活动的差异可能部分负责的酒精代谢率在人类的巨大差异。同工酶模式的个体间差异可能导致过量饮酒的遗传易感性。
The enzymes mainly responsible for ethanol degradation in humans are liver alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH). Polymorphisms occur in both enzymes, with marked differences in the steady-state kinetic constants. The Km-values for ethanol of ADH isoenzymes relevant for alcohol degradation range from 49 μM to 36 μM, and the Vmax-values from 0.6 to 10 U/mg. Expression of an inactive form of the ALDH2 isoenzyme, the so-called Oriental variant, results in impaired acetaldehyde metabolizing capacity. The differences in ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolizing activities of allelic enzyme forms may be responsible in part for the large variation in the alcohol metabolism rate in humans. Interindividual differences in the isoenzyme pattern may contribute to the genetically determined predisposition for excessive alcohol intake.