Evidence of boosted 13CO/12CO ratio in early-type galaxies in dense environments

Evidence of boosted 13CO/12CO ratio in early-type galaxies in dense environments
复制标题

稠密环境中早期型星系中 13CO/12CO 比率增加的证据

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stv837
复制
发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Alatalo K
Alatalo K
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alatalo K

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

本文介绍了在ATLAS 3毫米波天文学研究用的17个组合阵中的~(13)CO(1-0)和~(12)CO(1- 0)的同步观测结果。六个ETG中的13 CO足够亮以产生图像。在这六个来源中,我们没有发现任何显着的径向梯度之间的核和外围分子气体的13 CO/12 CO比。利用12 CO通道图作为3D掩模叠加13 CO发射,我们能够以空间积分的方式探测到15/17个大于3σ(12/17个至少为5σ)显著性的星系。总的来说,ETG显示了广泛的13 CO/12 CO比的分布,但室女座星系团和群星系优先显示13 CO/12 CO比约为场星系的两倍,尽管这也可能是由于质量依赖性,或CO空间范围(RCO/Re)。其气体具有形态学沉淀外观的ETG也显示出提高的13 CO/12 CO比率。我们假设这种变化可能是由(i)低质量恒星分子再加工产生的气体额外富集引起的(在没有外部气体吸积的情况下,将13 C的丰度提高到12 C),(ii)对中面气体施加更高的压力(由集群内介质)在集群环境中比在孤立的星系,或者(iii)当星系落入星系团时,除了致密的分子气体团外,所有的分子气体团都被剥离。在稠密的环境中,特别是在螺旋星系中,对13 CO的进一步观测,以及对其他同位素的研究,应该能够区分这些假设。
We present observations of13CO(1–0) in 17 Combined Array for Research in Millimeter Astronomy ATLAS3Dearly-type galaxies (ETGs), obtained simultaneously with12CO(1–0) observations. The13CO in six ETGs is sufficiently bright to create images. In these six sources, we do not detect any significant radial gradient in the13CO/12CO ratio between the nucleus and the outlying molecular gas. Using the12CO channel maps as 3D masks to stack the13CO emission, we are able to detect 15/17 galaxies to >3σ (and 12/17 to at least 5σ) significance in a spatially integrated manner. Overall, ETGs show a wide distribution of13CO/12CO ratios, but Virgo cluster and group galaxies preferentially show a13CO/12CO ratio about two times larger than field galaxies, although this could also be due to a mass dependence, or the CO spatial extent (RCO/Re). ETGs whose gas has a morphologically settled appearance also show boosted13CO/12CO ratios. We hypothesize that this variation could be caused by (i) the extra enrichment of gas from molecular reprocessing occurring in low-mass stars (boosting the abundance of13C to12C in the absence of external gas accretion), (ii) much higher pressure being exerted on the mid-plane gas (by the intracluster medium) in the cluster environment than in isolated galaxies, or (iii) all but the densest molecular gas clumps being stripped as the galaxies fall into the cluster. Further observations of13CO in dense environments, particularly of spirals, as well as studies of other isotopologues, should be able to distinguish between these hypotheses.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17537.x
发表时间: 2005-06
影响因子: 4.8
作者:
A. Crocker;M. Bureau;L. Young;F. Combes
通讯作者: A. Crocker;M. Bureau;L. Young;F. Combes
NGC 1266 是恒星形成迅速停止的本地候选者
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/780/2/186
发表时间: 2013
期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子: --
作者:
Alatalo K
通讯作者: Alatalo K
星暴后星系 NGC 5195 中的扩散且重力稳定的分子气体
DOI: --
发表时间: 2002
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
K. Kohno;T. Tosaki;S. Matsushita;B. Vila;T. Shibatsuka;R. Kawabe
通讯作者: R. Kawabe
弥散分子云中的星际 CN 和 CH:12C/13C 比率和 CN 激发
DOI: --
发表时间: 2009
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
A. Ritchey;S. Federman;D. Lambert
通讯作者: D. Lambert
DOI: --
发表时间: 1999
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
E. Athanassoula;Martin Bureau
通讯作者: Martin Bureau