Real-time two-dimensional Doppler echocardiographic flow mapping.
Real-time two-dimensional Doppler echocardiographic flow mapping.
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实时二维多普勒超声心动图血流图。
DOI：
10.1161/01.cir.71.5.849
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
37.8
通讯作者：
D. Sahn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Sahn
超声仪器的最新进展产生了将高分辨率二维超声心动图成像与定量脉冲或连续波多普勒技术相结合的无创技术。该组合增加了二维超声心动图的描述能力，各种新的临床超声应用与定义心脏中的血流模式有关。多普勒定性应用的例子可能是检测混合性瓣膜功能不全，如显性二尖瓣疾病患者的三尖瓣反流，或检测危重早产儿的“无症状”动脉导管。多普勒技术的定量应用在评估瓣膜性心脏病中具有重要意义，其中包括使用通过狭窄瓣膜的最大血流速度来估计跨瓣膜梯度的方法。速度梯度法在临床应用中的难点在于如何确保射流的最高速度区域与气流方向平行。对于是否应该使用同时成像的方法来获得确定询问相对于流的角度所需的空间定位，或者是否应该使用非成像的方法来确定多普勒询问的方向，假设最清晰的声音和最高记录的速度对应于流的方向，仅基于音频信号来确定多普勒询问的方向，仍然存在争议。其他方法也被描述，试图通过在接受反流的腔内移动单个脉冲多普勒样本量来量化瓣膜功能不全，以描述空间
RECENT ADVANCES in ultrasound instrumentation have yielded noninvasive techniques combining highresolution two-dimensional echocardiographic imaging with quantitative pulsed or continuous-wave Doppler techniques. The combination has added to the descriptive capabilities of two-dimensional echocardiography a variety of new clinical ultrasound applications related to defining blood flow patterns in the heart. Examples of qualitative applications of Doppler might be detection of mixed valvular insufficiency, such as tricuspid regurgitation in a patient with predominant mitral valve disease, or detection of a "silent" ductus arteriosus in a critially ill premature infant. Among the quantitative applications of Doppler techniques that have assumed substantial importance in the evaluation of valvular heart disease are methods using the maximal velocity of flow across a stenotic valve to estimate transvalvular gradients.' 2 Difficulties in the clinical application of the velocity-gradient method rest in ensuring that the highest velocity area of the jet has been interrogated in a direction parallel to flow. Controversy still exists as to whether simultaneous imaging should be used to achieve the spatial orientation necessary for determining the angle of interrogation relative to flow or whether nonimaging methods should be used to orient the direction of Doppler interrogation based exclusively on the audio signal, assuming the cleanest sounds and highest recorded velocity correspond to the direction of flow. Other methods have also been described that attempt to quantitate valvular insufficiency by moving a single pulsed Doppler sample volume around within the cavity receiving the regurgitant flow to describe the spatial
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
LEWIS, JF;KUO, LC;QUINONES, MA
通讯作者：
QUINONES, MA