Measuring gene flow among populations having high levels of genetic fragmentation.
Measuring gene flow among populations having high levels of genetic fragmentation.
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DOI：
10.1093/genetics/106.2.293
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发表时间：
1984-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Allan Larson;David B. Wake;Kay P. Yanev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allan Larson;David B. Wake;Kay P. Yanev
我们提出了一个分析的22种蝾螈的遗传结构，种群之间的基因流的水平。我们估计的基因流参数，Nm（产品的有效人口数量和人口之间的迁移率）使用两种替代方法描述的赖特和Slatkin。对于大多数物种，这两种方法给出了近似一致的估计Nm;当估计值不同时，赖特的方法产生的值略大于斯莱特金的方法得出的值。我们分析这些结果，根据独立推导的历史推断的碎片化的人口。这一分析表明，从蛋白质多态性计算的Nm值可能包含的信息更相关的历史模式的基因交换比目前的人口动态;适度大的值Nm可能计算的物种包含人口已知不再交换基因。应用估计种群间基因交换的最大可能速率的方法表明，对于这里研究的大多数物种，种群间的基因流可能不大于突变率。我们认为，大多数plethodontid物种不能被视为单位的凝聚力是通过持续的基因交换。此外，我们认为，种群之间的表型均匀性是不容易解释的假设，不断稳定的选择，并建议未来的工作集中在澄清的遗传和表观遗传因素赋予自我维持或autopoietic性能的生活系统。
We present an analysis of the genetic structures of 22 species of salamanders, with regard to levels of gene flow among populations. We estimate the gene flow parameter, Nm (the product of the effective population number and rate of migration among populations) using two alternative methods described by Wright and Slatkin. For most species, these two methods give approximately congruent estimates of Nm; when estimates differ, the method of Wright produces values slightly larger than those derived by the method of Slatkin. We analyze these results in light of independently derived historical inferences of the fragmentation of populations. This analysis suggests that the Nm values calculated from protein polymorphisms may contain information more relevant to historical patterns of gene exchange than to the current population dynamics; moderately large values of Nm may be calculated for species containing populations known to be no longer exchanging genes. Application of a method for estimating the maximum possible rate of gene exchange among populations indicates that, for most species studied here, gene flow among populations probably is no greater than the mutation rate. We suggest that most plethodontid species cannot be viewed as units whose cohesion is maintained by continuing gene exchange. Furthermore, we suggest that phenotypic uniformity among populations is not easily explained by hypotheses of continual stabilizing selection and propose that future work concentrate upon clarification of the genetic and epigenetic factors conferring self-maintenance or autopoietic properties on living systems.