Social capital and health promotion: a review
Social capital and health promotion: a review
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00067-8
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Shiell, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hawe, P;Shiell, A
人们对社会资本和健康的兴趣出现在一个令人兴奋的时刻。在公共卫生领域，人们对将社会不平等与健康联系起来的机制重新产生了兴趣。在流行病学方面，人们对方法进行了批判性的询问，并呼吁更明确地使用理论。在过去20-30年的健康促进方面，在一个对传统心血管疾病风险因素感兴趣的时代，社会健康干预措施在某种程度上被边缘化了。现在，社会假说正在健康领域重生，在社会健康促进中发展起来的复杂性和为之提供信息的文献可能会被忽视。在这篇文章中，我们简要介绍了社会资本的历史，以及它是如何通过将收入不平等与健康联系在一起的辩论而在最近变得突出的。我们介绍了这方面的背景，早期关于社会环境对健康的影响的文献，以及认为这种关系基础上的可能过程。社会资本具有关系性、物质性和政治性。我们认为，尽管社会资本的关系属性很重要(腿、信任、网络)，但社会资本的政治方面可能被忽视了。论文还回顾了社会理论家和其他领域的干预者如何将社区层面的复杂社会过程付诸实施。我们认为，到目前为止，社会资本研究还没有充分地捕捉到潜在的结构，特别是宏观/背景层面和微观/个人层面之间的质的差异。在对科学持谨慎态度的同时，我们得出结论，社会资本作为修辞和隐喻的力量可能是有价值的。我们最后提出，背景水平对健康的影响方面的利益的结合现在招致了受不同领域启发的理论和干预措施的振兴，如地理学和生态社区心理学。(C)2000爱思唯尔科学有限公司。保留所有权利。
Interest in social capital and health has emerged at an exciting time. In public health, there is a renewed interest in mechanisms that link social inequalities and health. In epidemiology, there has been a critical interrogation of methods and a call for a more explicit use of theory. In health promotion over the last 20-30 years, social health interventions have been somewhat marginalised in an era dominated by interest in traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Now that social hypotheses are being reborn in health, there is a risk that the sophistication that has developed in social health promotion and the literatures that have informed it could be overlooked. In this paper, we present a brief history of social capital and how it has come into recent prominence through the debate linking income inequality and health. We present the background to this, the earlier literatures on social environmental influences on health and the possible processes thought to underlie this relationship. Social capital has relational, material and political aspects. We suggest that, although the relational properties of social capital are important leg, trust, networks), the political aspects of social capital are perhaps under recognised. The paper also reviews how complex social processes at the community level have come to be operationalised by social theorists and intervention agents in other fields. We suggest that social capital research so far has inadequately captured the underlying constructs, in particular the qualitative difference between the macro/context level and the micro/individual level. While being cautious about the science, we conclude that social capital's power as rhetoric and as a metaphor may be of value. We conclude by suggesting that the coalescence of interests in context-level influences on health now invites a revitalisation of theories and interventions inspired by diverse fields, such as geography and ecological community psychology. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.