Hyperbranched poly(phosphoester)s as flame retardants for technical and high performance polymers
Hyperbranched poly(phosphoester)s as flame retardants for technical and high performance polymers
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DOI：
10.1039/c4py00830h
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Schartel, Bernhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taeuber, Karoline;Marsico, Filippo;Schartel, Bernhard
提出了一种结构新颖的超支化无卤聚磷酸酯（hbPPE）作为聚酯和环氧树脂的阻燃剂。Hb聚合阻燃剂结合了几个优点，使它们成为未来阻燃剂的非凡方法。根据简单的两步法，采用烯烃复分解聚合法合成了hbPPE。以4-羟基苯甲酸乙酯和双酚a二缩水甘油醚固化环氧树脂为模型物质，研究了hbPPE对热解、可燃性（反应-小火焰）和强制燃烧条件下的燃烧行为（锥形量热计）的影响。讨论了该阻燃剂的阻燃性能和阻燃机理，并与工业双酚a -磷酸二苯酯（BDP）进行了比较。hbPPE和BDP均结合气相和冷凝相活性；hbPPE是一种更有效的阻燃剂，并且被认为在更多种类的聚合物基质中有效。hbPPE的水解被认为会产生磷酸，当在适当的温度下，磷酸可以增强聚合物在凝聚相中的炭化。hbPPE具有较好的防火性能，不仅是因为其含磷量较高，而且是因为其含磷效率较高。
A structurally novel hyperbranched halogen-free poly(phosphoester) (hbPPE) is proposed as a flame retardant in poly(ester)s and epoxy resins. hb polymeric flame retardants combine several advantages that make them an extraordinary approach for future flame retardants. hbPPE was synthesized by olefin metathesis polymerization according to a straightforward two-step protocol. The impact of hbPPE on pyrolysis, flammability (reaction-to-small-flame), and fire behavior under forced flaming conditions (cone calorimeter) was investigated for a model substance representing poly(ester)s, i.e. ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, and an epoxy resin of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether cured with isophorone diamine. The flame retardancy performance and mechanisms are discussed and compared to a commercial bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP). Both hbPPE and BDP combined gas-phase and condensed-phase activity; hbPPE is the more efficient flame retardant, and is proposed to be efficient in a greater variety of polymeric matrices. The hydrolysis of hbPPE is suggested to produce phosphorous acids, which, when available at the right temperatures, enhance the charring of the polymer in the condensed phase. The better fire protection behavior of the hbPPE is due not only to its higher phosphorus content, but also to the higher efficiency of the phosphorus it contains.