Comparison of vaccination status of children born in health units and those born at home.
Comparison of vaccination status of children born in health units and those born at home.
复制标题
卫生单位出生儿童与家庭出生儿童疫苗接种情况比较。
作者：
A. Odiit;B. Amuge
背景
扩大免疫计划从婴儿出生时就开始实施，但乌干达大量婴儿是在没有疫苗的家里出生的。因此，在家出生的孩子接种疫苗的机会可能比在医疗机构出生的孩子少。
目标
调查五岁以下儿童的疫苗接种状况，以确定卫生单位出生的儿童的疫苗接种状况是否优于在家出生的儿童。
设计
横截面描述。
设置
Jinja 医院的儿科门诊，是乌干达东部地区转诊医疗机构。
方法
五岁以下儿童到达登记处后即被连续登记。通过儿童健康卡和卡介苗疤痕体格检查来确定每个儿童的疫苗接种情况。使用结构化调查问卷来收集相关数据。
结果
在抽样的 486 名儿童中，79 名是在家中出生，407 名是在卫生单位出生。总体而言，68% 的儿童完全接种了适合年龄的疫苗。与在家中出生的孩子相比，在卫生单位出生的孩子更有可能出现卡介苗疤痕 (p = 0.0087)，并且及时接种疫苗 (p = 0.0173)。无论孩子是在家中出生还是在卫生单位出生，疫苗流失率同样很高。
结论
研究发现，在家出生是不完整或未接种疫苗的危险因素。在家中出生的儿童和在卫生单位出生的儿童的疫苗接种持续性同样较差。
BACKGROUND
The Expanded Programme of Immunisation schedule starts at birth, yet a significant number of child births in Uganda occur at home, where there are no vaccines. A child born at home may therefore have less chances of being vaccinated than a child born in a health unit.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate vaccination status of the under-fives and to establish whether vaccination status of children born in health units is better than those born at home.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional descriptive.
SETTING
Paediatrics out-patient clinic of Jinja Hospital, a regional referral health facility in Eastern Uganda.
METHODS
Children under five years were enrolled consecutively as they arrived at the registration desk. The child health card and physical examination for BCG scar were used to establish the vaccination status of each child. A structured questionnaire was used for collecting relevant data.
RESULTS
Of the 486 children sampled, 79 had been born at home, and 407 had been born in health units. Overall, 68% of the children were fully vaccinated for age. A child born in a health unit was significantly more likely to have a BCG scar (p = 0.0087), and to be up to date with their vaccination (p = 0.0173), compared to a child born at home. Vaccine drop-out rate was similarly high irrespective of whether the children were born at home or in health units.
CONCLUSION
Being born at home was found to be a risk factor for incomplete or non-vaccination. Continuation of vaccination was similarly poor in children born at home and those born in health units.