Occurrence and Roles of Comammox Bacteria in Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Critical Review
Occurrence and Roles of Comammox Bacteria in Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Critical Review
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Comammox 细菌在水和废水处理系统中的出现和作用：批判性回顾
DOI：
10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.024
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Fangang Meng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naga Raju Maddela;Zhihao Gan;Yabing Meng;Fuqiang Fan;Fangang Meng
脱氮是水处理厂和污水处理厂的关键工序。最近发现的一种新的细菌工艺，完全氨氧化(comammox，CMX)，驳斥了一个世纪以来关于NH3到NO3-两步转化的看法。与典型的硝化细菌相比，CMX细菌具有不可否认的优势，如高生长倾向和对营养和生长限制条件的适应，这些都引起了人们对CMX细菌对废水处理的适应性的关注。由于目前还没有关于CMX细菌与可持续水和废水处理的相关性的全面综述，本文旨在讨论CMX在去除水和废水中的氮和污染物方面的作用和应用。我们考虑了CMX细菌在分支和亚分支水平对代谢多样性的洞察。为了更好地了解CMX细菌的生态生理学，我们重点研究了CMX细菌在工程系统中的分布、生态位分化、共生以及与典型硝化菌的相互作用。提供了关于CMX细菌的反应器适应性和应激反应的概念化细节。评估了CMX细菌直接或共代谢降解微污染物的潜力，这些见解将是打开CMX细菌在污水处理厂更广泛应用的大门的不可或缺的优势。最后，我们总结了未来的研究方向，这对于提高对CMX生物学的理解是必要的。
Nitrogen removal is a critical process in water treatment plants (WTPs) and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The recent discovery of a novel bacterial process, complete ammonia oxidation (comammox, CMX), has refuted a century-long perception of the two-step conversion of NH3to NO3–. Compared with canonical nitrifiers, CMX bacteria offer undeniable advantages, such as a high growth yield propensity and adaptability to nutrient- and growth-limiting conditions, which collectively draw attention to validate the aptness of CMX bacteria to wastewater treatment. As there has been no comprehensive review on the relevance of CMX bacteria for sustainable water and wastewater treatment, this review is intended to discuss the roles and applications of CMX in the removal of nitrogen and pollutants from water and wastewater. We took into account insights into the metabolic versatilities of CMX bacteria at the clade and subclade levels. We focused on the distribution of CMX bacteria in engineered systems, niche differentiation, co-occurrence and interactions with canonical nitrifiers for a better understanding of CMX bacteria in terms of their ecophysiology. Conceptualized details on the reactor adaptability and stress response of CMX bacteria are provided. The potential of CMX bacteria to degrade micropollutants either directly or co-metabolically was evaluated, and these insights would be an indispensable advantage in opening the doors for wider applications of CMX bacteria in WWTPs. Finally, we summarized future directions of research that are imperative in improving the understanding of CMX biology.