Richness and resilience in the Pacific: DNA metabarcoding enables parallelized evaluation of biogeographic patterns
Richness and resilience in the Pacific: DNA metabarcoding enables parallelized evaluation of biogeographic patterns
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.16575
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Susan R. Kennedy;J. Calaor;Yazmín Zurápiti;Julian Hans;M. Yoshimura;J. Choo;J. Andersen;J. Callaghan;G. Roderick;H. Krehenwinkel;Haldre S. Rogers;R. Gillespie;E. Economo
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作者：
Susan R. Kennedy;J. Calaor;Yazmín Zurápiti;Julian Hans;M. Yoshimura;J. Choo;J. Andersen;J. Callaghan;G. Roderick;H. Krehenwinkel;Haldre S. Rogers;R. Gillespie;E. Economo
岛屿构成了地球生物多样性的很大一部分，但也是对环境扰动最敏感的系统之一。生物地理学理论预测，地质年龄、面积和隔离通常会驱动岛屿的多样性模式，从而可能影响岛屿系统中的非本地传播和群落同质化。测试此类预测的一个限制是难以对岛屿生物群进行全面清查并区分本地生物和引进生物。在这里，我们使用 DNA 元条形码和统计模型作为高通量方法来调查整个群落的节肢动物丰富度、本地和非本地物种的比例，以及非本地物种对太平洋三个群岛（琉球群岛、马里亚纳群岛和夏威夷群岛）主要栖息地的入侵，这三个群岛的年龄、隔离和面积各不相同。多样性模式很大程度上符合岛屿生物地理学理论的预期，最古老、地理上联系最紧密的群岛——琉球群岛，显示出最高的分类丰富度和最低的外来物种比例。此外，我们发现证据表明，与分类学不太丰富的群岛相比，琉球群岛的森林栖息地更能抵御非本地人的入侵。令人惊讶的是，我们没有找到这三个群岛生物同质化的证据：每个岛屿上的非本地物种组合都非常不同。我们的研究证明了 DNA 元条形码在促进快速估计生物地理模式、非本地物种的传播和生态系统的恢复力方面的潜力。
Islands make up a large proportion of Earth's biodiversity, yet are also some of the most sensitive systems to environmental perturbation. Biogeographic theory predicts that geologic age, area, and isolation typically drive islands' diversity patterns, and thus potentially impact non‐native spread and community homogenization across island systems. One limitation in testing such predictions has been the difficulty of performing comprehensive inventories of island biotas and distinguishing native from introduced taxa. Here, we use DNA metabarcoding and statistical modelling as a high throughput method to survey community‐wide arthropod richness, the proportion of native and non‐native species, and the incursion of non‐natives into primary habitats on three archipelagos in the Pacific – the Ryukyus, the Marianas and Hawaii – which vary in age, isolation and area. Diversity patterns largely match expectations based on island biogeography theory, with the oldest and most geographically connected archipelago, the Ryukyus, showing the highest taxonomic richness and lowest proportion of introduced species. Moreover, we find evidence that forest habitats are more resilient to incursions of non‐natives in the Ryukyus than in the less taxonomically rich archipelagos. Surprisingly, we do not find evidence for biotic homogenization across these three archipelagos: the assemblage of non‐native species on each island is highly distinct. Our study demonstrates the potential of DNA metabarcoding to facilitate rapid estimation of biogeographic patterns, the spread of non‐native species, and the resilience of ecosystems.