Reply to: Models of flow through sponges must consider the sponge tissue
Reply to: Models of flow through sponges must consider the sponge tissue
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回复：通过海绵的流动模型必须考虑海绵组织
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-04381-7
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Succi, Sauro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falcucci, Giacomo;Polverino, Giovanni;Porfiri, Maurizio;Amati, Giorgio;Fanelli, Pierluigi;Krastev, Vesselin K.;Succi, Sauro
在他们的文章中，Falcucci等人1使用海绵骨架模型研究了深海玻璃海绵Euplectella aspergillum的流体动力学。作者提出的模拟显示的流线和涡流穿过海绵骨架从上游到下游侧的管在横流，并得出结论，骨架图案引起有利于海绵的喂养和有性繁殖的内部再循环模式。不幸的是，在他们的模型中，Falcucci等人1忽略了海绵组织，其复杂的迷宫式进食通道形成了海绵壁2-5上具有低渗透性的完整屏障（图1）。这一遗漏的含义是，流量模拟不能提供关于通过和围绕现场E的实际流量的信息。因此，关于他们观察到的流动模式对海绵生物学（摄食、繁殖和水动力压力）的影响的推测是没有根据的。维纳斯花篮E. Aspergillumis因其美丽的格子结构而闻名。这种结构的内部骨骼是由玻璃形成的，在动物死后很长时间内仍然存在，因此博物馆中有许多标本可供研究。与其他专注于骨骼机械性能的研究不同，Falcucci等人1旨在研究“深海玻璃海绵E.通过计算机实验再现了实际生活条件下的曲霉菌。”不幸的是，而不是使用一个活的海绵模型为他们的模拟，作者省略了海绵组织，只使用高度多孔裸露的骨架。任何海绵的外表面覆盖的组织，在hexactinellid海绵的情况下，是由合胞体形成2，3。像其他玻璃海绵一样，Euplectella的表面有20-50微米大小的开口（孔）4，5，通过这些开口，水被吸入一个复杂的迷宫，这些迷宫由不断变窄的管道组成，导致领微绒毛之间的亚微米大小的狭缝，在那里食物颗粒被提取2，7，8（图1）。海绵含水系统的尺寸和流动阻力已被测量和估计的几个物种8-10，包括玻璃海绵7。
In their Article, Falcucci et al. 1 examined the hydrodynamics of the deep-sea glass sponge Euplectella aspergillum using a model of just the skeleton of the sponge. The authors present simulations showing flow lines and vortices crossing the sponge skeleton from the upstream to the downstream side of the tube in crossflow and conclude that the skeletal motifs give rise to internal recirculation patterns favouring the sponge’s feeding and sexual reproduction. Unfortunately, in their model, Falcucci et al. 1 neglect the sponge’s tissue that, with its complex labyrinth of feeding canals, forms a complete barrier with low permeability over the sponge wall 2–5 (Fig. 1). The implication of this omission is that the flow simulations are not informative regarding the actual flow through and around live E. aspergillumand thus speculations about the effect of the flow patterns they observed on sponge biology (feeding, reproduction and hydrodynamic stress) are unfounded. The Venus flower basket E. aspergillumis well known due to its beautiful lattice-work structure. The internal skeleton that underlies this structure is formed of glass, which persists long after the animal has died, and consequently many specimens are available in museums for study. Unlike other studies that focus on the mechanical properties of the skeleton 6, Falcucci et al. 1 aimed to study the “fluid dynamic performance of the deep-sea glass sponge E. aspergillum in its actual living conditions, reproduced via in silico experiments.” Unfortunately, instead of using a model of a living sponge for their simulation, the authors omitted the sponge tissue and used only the highly porous bare skeleton.The outside surface of any sponge is covered by tissue that in the case of hexactinellid sponges is formed by a syncytium 2, 3. The surface of Euplectella, like other glass sponges, has 20–50 micrometre-sized openings (ostia) 4, 5 through which water is drawn into a complex maze of ever-narrowing canals that lead to submicrometre-sized slits between the collar microvilli where food particles are extracted 2, 7, 8 (Fig. 1). The dimensions and flow resistance of the sponge aquiferous system have been measured and estimated for several species 8–10, including glass sponges 7.