Artificially triggered lightning and its characteristic discharge parameters in two severe thunderstorms
Artificially triggered lightning and its characteristic discharge parameters in two severe thunderstorms
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DOI：
10.1007/s11430-007-0064-2
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发表时间：
2006-12
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
X. Qie;Qilin Zhang;Yunjun Zhou;G. Feng;Tinglong Zhang;Jing Yang;X. Kong;Qingfu Xiao;Shujun Wu
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文献类型：
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作者：
X. Qie;Qilin Zhang;Yunjun Zhou;G. Feng;Tinglong Zhang;Jing Yang;X. Kong;Qingfu Xiao;Shujun Wu
中纬度地区的雷击灾害通常是在强雷暴期间造成的。但自然闪电的放电参数很难测量。在两次强雷暴过后，火箭线技术人为引发了五次闪电。利用电流测量系统和电场变化传感器，在微秒级时间分辨率下获得了人为触发雷电回击的放电电流和闭合电场。结果表明，5次触发的雷闪包括1～10次回击，平均回击电流为11.9 kA，最大为21.0 kA，最小为6.6 kA，与自然闪电随后的回击相似。电流波形的半峰宽度为39μs，比通常的结果大得多。冲程峰值电流Ip(kA)与中和电荷Q(C)的关系为Ip=18.5Q0.65。回程辐射场在60 m和550 m处分别为5.9 kV·m−1和0.39 kV·m−1。随着距放电通道水平距离的增加，辐射场减小为r−1.119。根据公认的传输线模型，回程速度估计约为1.4×108m·s−1，变化范围为(1.1–1.6)×108m·s−1。由于触发雷与自然雷的相似性，本文的研究结果可用于自然雷的防护设计。
The lightning-induced-damages in the mid-latitude regions are usually caused during severe thunderstorms. But the discharge parameters of natural lightning are difficult to be measured. Five lightning flashes have been artificially triggered with the rocket-wire technique during the passage of two severe thunderstorms. The discharge current and close electric field of return stroke in artificially triggered lightning have been obtained in microsecond time resolution by using current measuring systems and electric field change sensors. The results show that the five triggered lightning flashes include 1 to 10 return strokes, and the average return stroke current is 11.9 kA with a maximum of 21.0 kA and a minimum of 6.6 kA, similar to the subsequent return strokes in natural lightning. The half peak width of the current waveform is 39 μs, which is much larger than the usual result. The peak current of strokeIp(kA) and the neutralized chargeQ(C) has a relationship ofIp= 18.5Q0.65. The radiation field of return stroke is 5.9 kV·m−1and 0.39 kV·m−1at 60 m and 550 m, respectively. The radiation field decreases asr−1.119with increase of horizontal distancerfrom the discharge channel. Based on the well-accepted transmission line model, the speed of return stroke is estimated to be about 1.4×108m·s−1, with a variation range of (1.1–1.6)×108m·s−1. Because of the similarities of the triggered lightning and natural lightning, the results in this article can be used in the protection design of natural lightning.