Skill discrepancies between research, education, and jobs reveal the critical need to supply soft skills for the data economy
Skill discrepancies between research, education, and jobs reveal the critical need to supply soft skills for the data economy
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1804247115
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发表时间：
2018-12-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Evans, James A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boerner, Katy;Scrivner, Olga;Evans, James A.
科学技术（S＆T）的快速研究进展以及不断变化的劳动力需要互相压力以及将它们联系起来的教育和培训系统。高等教育机构旨在为新一代学生提供与劳动力参与数十年相关的技能和专业知识，但是他们的产品有时会使商业需求和在研究边界上锻造的新技术不一致。在这里，我们分析和可视化学术推动力，行业拉力和教育产品之间的动态技能（错误）一致性，并特别注意数据科学和数据工程（DS/DE）的迅速新兴领域。此处介绍的可视化和计算模型可以帮助关键决策者了解技能的发展结构，以便他们可以制定满足劳动力需求的教育计划。我们的研究使用数百万出版物，课程课程和2016年发表的招聘广告。我们展示了课程如何在研究和工作之间进行调解。我们还发现了学术，教育和工业系统中的响应能力，即行业的技能需求如何与Converse一起在研究中引起技能的关注。最后，我们揭示了独特的人类技能的重要性，例如沟通，谈判和说服力。目前，这些技能在研究中不受欢迎，并且通过劳动力市场的教育供应不足。在越来越多的数据驱动的经济中，对“软”社交技能（例如团队合作和沟通）的需求随着对“硬”技术技能和工具的需求增加。
Rapid research progress in science and technology (S&T) and continuously shifting workforce needs exert pressure on each other and on the educational and training systems that link them. Higher education institutions aim to equip new generations of students with skills and expertise relevant to workforce participation for decades to come, but their offerings sometimes misalign with commercial needs and new techniques forged at the frontiers of research. Here, we analyze and visualize the dynamic skill (mis-) alignment between academic push, industry pull, and educational offerings, paying special attention to the rapidly emerging areas of data science and data engineering (DS/DE). The visualizations and computational models presented here can help key decision makers understand the evolving structure of skills so that they can craft educational programs that serve workforce needs. Our study uses millions of publications, course syllabi, and job advertisements published between 2010 and 2016. We show how courses mediate between research and jobs. We also discover responsiveness in the academic, educational, and industrial system in how skill demands from industry are as likely to drive skill attention in research as the converse. Finally, we reveal the increasing importance of uniquely human skills, such as communication, negotiation, and persuasion. These skills are currently underexamined in research and undersupplied through education for the labor market. In an increasingly data-driven economy, the demand for "soft" social skills, like teamwork and communication, increase with greater demand for "hard" technical skills and tools.