Brain mechanisms in early language acquisition.

Brain mechanisms in early language acquisition.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2010.08.038
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发表时间:
2010-09-09
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Kuhl, Patricia K.
Kuhl, Patricia K.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kuhl, Patricia K.

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在过去的十年里,神经科学研究出现了爆炸式的增长,这些研究旨在考察幼儿早期的语言处理过程。无创、安全的脑功能测量现已被证明可用于从出生开始的儿童。语言的语音水平特别容易被实验研究所利用,这些实验研究记录了先天状态和学习对大脑的影响。在语音水平上学习的神经特征可以在发育的早期阶段被记录下来。语言发展的连续性从婴儿最早的大脑对语音刺激的反应反映在他们的语言和预读能力在第二,第三和第五年的生活,一个具有理论和临床影响的发现。有证据表明,早期掌握语言的语音单位需要在社会环境中学习。关于早期语言学习的神经科学开始揭示人类语言能力背后的多个大脑系统。
The last decade has produced an explosion in neuroscience research examining young children’s early processing of language. Noninvasive, safe functional brain measurements have now been proven feasible for use with children starting at birth. The phonetic level of language is especially accessible to experimental studies that document the innate state and the effect of learning on the brain. The neural signatures of learning at the phonetic level can be documented at a remarkably early point in development. Continuity in linguistic development from infants’ earliest brain responses to phonetic stimuli is reflected in their language and pre-reading abilities in the second, third and fifth year of life, a finding with theoretical and clinical impact. There is evidence that early mastery of the phonetic units of language requires learning in a social context. Neuroscience on early language learning is beginning to reveal the multiple brain systems that underlie the human language faculty.
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