From Prebiotics to Probiotics: The Evolution and Functions of tRNA Modifications.
From Prebiotics to Probiotics: The Evolution and Functions of tRNA Modifications.
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DOI：
10.3390/life6010013
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发表时间：
2016-03-14
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Alfonzo JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McKenney KM;Alfonzo JD
细胞中的所有核酸都受到转录后化学修饰的影响。这些酶是由无数具有精致特异性的酶催化的，这些酶利用了一系列经常是奇异的化学底物。在任何分子中，修饰都比转移RNA更为普遍。在本文件中，我们将尝试从益生元时代到现在乘坐化学过山车，核苷修饰是关键参与者，tRNA是推动生物系统进化到今天的核心。这些想法将在涉及tRNA修饰酶的几个例子及其在细胞中的工作方式时提出。顺便说一句，我们认为tRNA的选择不是一个异想天开的选择，而是强调了它作为蛋白质酶进化的关键发明的关键功能。
All nucleic acids in cells are subject to post-transcriptional chemical modifications. These are catalyzed by a myriad of enzymes with exquisite specificity and that utilize an often-exotic array of chemical substrates. In no molecule are modifications more prevalent than in transfer RNAs. In the present document, we will attempt to take a chemical rollercoaster ride from prebiotic times to the present, with nucleoside modifications as key players and tRNA as the centerpiece that drove the evolution of biological systems to where we are today. These ideas will be put forth while touching on several examples of tRNA modification enzymes and their modus operandi in cells. In passing, we submit that the choice of tRNA is not a whimsical one but rather highlights its critical function as an essential invention for the evolution of protein enzymes.