2010 Workshop: Mucosal immunity in the male and female reproductive tract and prevention of HIV transmission.
2010 Workshop: Mucosal immunity in the male and female reproductive tract and prevention of HIV transmission.
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2010 年研讨会：男性和女性生殖道的粘膜免疫和预防艾滋病毒传播。
DOI：
10.1089/aid.2011.0014
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Veronese,Fulvia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wira,CharlesR;Veronese,Fulvia
这次会议是第一次这样的会议，因为它汇集了来自世界各地的领先科学家，他们积极致力于艾滋病毒的异性传播，艾滋病毒粘膜免疫和生殖免疫学领域。在研讨会/演讲形式中，研究人员讨论了男性和女性生殖道（RT）中的艾滋病毒传播和免疫反应，并探讨了利用这些知识开发新的和更全面的预防方法的方法。尽管艾滋病毒主要通过生殖道进行性传播，但男性和女性生殖器粘膜的免疫系统以及它们受激素平衡影响的方式很少受到关注。与其他粘膜相比，雄性和雌性RT被不同的上皮细胞层和粘液类型覆盖，具有不同的肠道植物群，并具有独特的先天性和适应性免疫机制。达特茅斯会议旨在通过讨论生殖免疫学领域基础、临床和转化研究的最新进展来填补这一空白，因为它们与艾滋病毒的传播有关，突出了男性和女性RT在预防艾滋病毒感染方面的免疫潜力，并促进了艾滋病毒研究人员与生殖免疫学领域人员之间的交流。组委会由Charles R. Wira，达特茅斯医学院; Fulvia Veronese，NIAID; Geetha Bansal，NIAID; Susan Cu-Uvin，布朗大学沃伦·阿尔珀特医学院; Charu Kaushic，麦克马斯特大学; Jiri Mestecky，亚拉巴马大学伯明翰分校;和Robin Shattock，圣乔治，伦敦大学，制定了一个科学议程，重点关注该领域领导者要解决的广泛的交叉主题。主题包括女性和男性RT中免疫系统的独特特征，这些特征与艾滋病毒传播有关，以及男性对女性和女性对男性传播艾滋病毒的早期病毒学和免疫学事件。强调了胃肠道和RT之间的功能和免疫学差异，并与男性和女性RT生物学和HIV传播进行了对比。从生殖免疫学的经验教训进行了讨论，并影响性传播艾滋病毒和人类生殖生物学的因素之间的独特关系汇集在一起，以确定新的方法来防止艾滋病毒的传播和测量生殖器对艾滋病毒的免疫反应。活跃的讨论使人们对男性和女性生殖道感染的复杂性有了新的认识，因为它们与感染的易感性和对艾滋病毒的保护有关，并强调了仍有待解决的差距。科学会议之后是一个题为“被遗忘的流行病：“21世纪的艾滋病”是为达特茅斯的广大科学工作者和公众准备的，该报告侧重于艾滋病毒/艾滋病仍然产生的影响以及我们在预防和治疗艾滋病毒/艾滋病方面面临的挑战。公众会议出席人数众多，并强调了预防和治疗艾滋病对公众的重要性，以及我们对艾滋病毒传播、治疗和预防过程的科学理解。
This meeting was a first of its kind since it brought together leading scientists from around the world who are actively working in the area of heterosexual transmission of HIV, HIV mucosal immunity, and reproductive immunology. In a workshop/presentation format, researchers discussed HIV transmission and immune responses in the male and female reproductive tracts (RTs) and explored ways to harness this knowledge for the development of novel and more comprehensive approaches to prevention. Despite the fact that HIV is mainly transmitted sexually through the genital tract, the immune systems of the male and female genital mucosa and the ways in which they are influenced by hormonal balance have received very little attention. Compared with other mucosae, the male and female RTs are covered by distinct epithelial cell layers and types of mucus, have different commensal flora, and have unique innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. The meeting at Dartmouth aimed to fill this gap by discussing the most recent developments in basic, clinical, and translational studies in the field of reproductive immunology as they relate to the transmission of HIV, highlighting the potential of immunity in the male and female RTs in preventing HIV infection, and facilitating cross-fertilization between HIV researchers and those in the field of reproductive immunology. The organizing committee composed of Drs. Charles R. Wira, Dartmouth Medical School; Fulvia Veronese, NIAID; Geetha Bansal, NIAID; Susan Cu-Uvin, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Charu Kaushic, McMaster University; Jiri Mestecky, University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Robin Shattock, St. Georges, University of London, developed a scientific agenda that focused on a broad range of cross-cutting topics to be addressed by leaders in the field. Topics included the unique characteristics of the immune system in the female and male RTs, which have relevance to HIV transmission, and early virological and immunological events in male-to-female and female-to-male transmission of HIV. Functional and immunological distinctions between the gastrointestinal and RTs were highlighted and contrasted to male and female RT biology and HIV transmission. Lessons learned from reproductive immunology were discussed, and the unique relationship between factors that influence sexual HIV transmission and human reproductive biology were brought together to identify novel approaches to prevent HIV transmission and to measure genital immune responses to HIV. Lively discussions resulted in new understandings of the complexities of the male and female RTs as they pertain to susceptibility to infection and protection against HIV, and highlighted the gaps that remain to be answered.The scientific meeting was followed by a public session entitled ‘‘The Forgotten Epidemic: AIDS in the 21st Century’’for the at-large scientific faculty at Dartmouth and the general public, which focused on the impact HIV/AIDS is still having and the challenges we are confronting for its prevention and treatment. The public session was well-attended and highlighted the importance of the prevention and treatment of AIDS to the general public in juxtaposition to our scientific understanding of the processes involved in HIV transmission, treatment, and prevention.