Niche conservatism predominates in adaptive radiation: comparing the diversification of Hawaiian arthropods using ecological niche modelling
Niche conservatism predominates in adaptive radiation: comparing the diversification of Hawaiian arthropods using ecological niche modelling
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DOI：
10.1093/biolinnean/blz023
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Gillespie, Rosemary G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiller, Anna E.;Koo, Michelle S.;Gillespie, Rosemary G.
环境生态位在适应性辐射过程中促进生态分化的作用仍然是个谜。在这项研究中，我们通过表征四种夏威夷节肢动物辐射的生态位宽度，研究了大洋岛屿适应性辐射背景下环境生态位差异与保守主义之间的相互作用：四颌蜘蛛（Tetragnathidae Latreille，1804）、劳帕拉蟋蟀（Gryllidae Otte，1994）、果蝇分支（Drosophila fallen， 1823) 和 Nesosydne 飞虱 (Delphacidae Kirkaldy, 1907)。我们收集了四个谱系的出现数据集，对其分布进行建模并量化生态位重叠。所有四个群体都以不同的方式占领这些岛屿，突出了不同血统的多样化的对比轴。劳帕拉和Nesosydne具有相反的环境生态位范围（分别为宽和窄），而四颌动物和果蝇具有相对中等的耐受性。温度限制了所有四种辐射的分布。系统发育信号测试表明，对于四颌动物和果蝇来说，密切相关的物种表现出相似的环境生态位。因此，多元化与利基保守主义相关。姐妹物种比较还表明，尽管确实存在例外，但种群通常保留相似的环境耐受性。结果表明，多样化并不是通过生态物种形成而发生的；相反，适应性辐射主要发生在单一环境内。
The role of the environmental niche in fostering ecological divergence during adaptive radiation remains enigmatic. In this study, we examine the interplay between environmental niche divergence and conservatism in the context of adaptive radiation on oceanic islands, by characterizing the niche breadth of four Hawaiian arthropod radiations: Tetragnatha spiders (Tetragnathidae Latreille, 1804), Laupala crickets (Gryllidae Otte, 1994), a clade of Drosophila flies (Drosophilidae Fallen, 1823) and Nesosydne planthoppers (Delphacidae Kirkaldy, 1907). We assembled occurrence datasets for the four lineages, modelled their distributions and quantified niche overlap. All four groups occupy the islands in distinct ways, highlighting the contrasting axes of diversification for different lineages. Laupala and Nesosydne have opposite environmental niche extents (broad and narrow, respectively), whereas Tetragnatha and Drosophila share relatively intermediate tolerances. Temperature constrains the distributions of all four radiations. Tests of phylogenetic signal suggest that, for Tetragnatha and Drosophila, closely related species exhibit similar environmental niches; thus, diversification is associated with niche conservatism. Sister species comparisons also show that populations often retain similar environmental tolerances, although exceptions do occur. Results imply that diversification does not occur through ecological speciation; instead, adaptive radiation occurs largely within a single environment.