A Complex Mantle Plume Head Below East Africa‐Arabia Shaped by the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary Topography

A Complex Mantle Plume Head Below East Africa‐Arabia Shaped by the Lithosphere‐Asthenosphere Boundary Topography
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东非-阿拉伯地区岩石圈-软流圈边界地形塑造的复杂地幔柱头

DOI:
10.1029/2022gc010610
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
N. Celli
N. Celli
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
C. Civiero;S. Lebedev;N. Celli

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从地球深部地幔上升的热柱被认为是导致隆起、裂谷和大火成岩省(LIP)就位的原因。大陆上的LIP火山活动通常跨越数十Ma,并不均匀地散布在广阔的地区。这被归因于热羽流物质的横向流动,但关于这种流动的观测证据很少。新的波形层析成像与大量的数据集揭示了详细的地震速度结构在东非-阿拉伯地区,这些过程发生在目前。它显示了由肯尼亚、阿法尔和黎凡特下方的三个地幔隆起提供的部分熔融岩石的相互连接的岩石圈下走廊。火山活动的时空分布表明,我们正在目睹一个完整的羽状头,它通过在薄岩石圈走廊内的积水和沟道变形为三尖星星。板块重建表明,它自2.45 Ma以来由南向北扩展。这些结果表明,复杂形状的地幔柱头部可以解释神秘的,分散的LIP火山活动,并且可能是地幔柱-大陆相互作用的固有特征。
Hot plumes rising from Earth's deep mantle are thought to cause uplift, rifting and large igneous province (LIP) emplacement. LIP volcanism in continents often spans tens of Ma and scatters unevenly over broad areas. This has been attributed to lateral flow of hot plume material, but observational evidence on such flow is scarce. New waveform tomography with massive data sets reveals detailed seismic velocity structure beneath the East Africa‐Arabia region, where these processes occur at present. It shows interconnected sub‐lithospheric corridors of hot, partially molten rock, fed by three mantle upwellings beneath Kenya, Afar, and Levant. The spatio‐temporal distribution of the volcanism suggests that we are witnessing an integral plume head, which morphed into a three‐pointed star by ponding and channeling within thin‐lithosphere corridors. Plate reconstructions indicate that it spread south‐to‐north since ∼45 Ma. These results suggest that complex‐shape plume heads can explain the enigmatic, scattered LIP volcanism and are, probably, an inherent feature of plume‐continent interaction.
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