Rho GTPases in animal cell mitosis
Rho GTPases in animal cell mitosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2006.02.002
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Yasuda, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Narumiya, S;Yasuda, S
Rho gtpase被认为通过重塑肌动蛋白细胞骨架来影响细胞形态发生。与此一致的是，下游靶点如mDia家族的formins和WASP家族蛋白诱导肌动蛋白成核和聚合，另一组下游效应物ROCK家族蛋白激酶参与肌动球蛋白收缩性的调节。然而，现在积累的证据表明Rho GTPases也调节微管的局部动力学。例如，mDia家族蛋白在Rho的下游起作用，稳定和排列间期细胞中的微管。与此同时，Rho gtpase在动物细胞分裂中的作用，曾经被认为仅限于细胞质分裂，现在已经被证明可以扩展到有丝分裂。最近的研究表明，它们可能在纺锤体取向和染色体聚集过程中都起作用。然而，它们的参与是细胞类型特异性的，这引发了支持和反对Rho GTPases在有丝分裂中的作用的争论。
The Rho GTPases have been thought to influence cell morphogenesis through remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Consistently, downstream targets such as the mDia family of formins and the WASP family proteins induce actin nucleation and polymerization, and another set of downstream effectors, the ROCK family protein kinases, are involved in regulation of actomyosin contractility. However, evidence has now accumulated that Rho GTPases also regulate local dynamics of microtubules. The mDia family proteins, for example, function downstream of Rho to stabilize and align microtubules in interphase cells. Concomitantly, the role of Rho GTPases in animal cell division, once thought to be limited to cytokinesis, has now been shown to extend to mitosis. Recent work indicates that they may function during both spindle orientation and chromosome congression. However, their involvement is cell-type-specific, raising arguments for and against a mitotic role for Rho GTPases.