Brown spider monkeys (Ateles hybridus): a model for differentiating the role of social networks and physical contact on parasite transmission dynamics
Brown spider monkeys (Ateles hybridus): a model for differentiating the role of social networks and physical contact on parasite transmission dynamics
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棕色蜘蛛猴（Ateles Hybridus）：区分社交网络和身体接触对寄生虫传播动力学作用的模型
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Gillespie
中科院分区：
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作者：
Rebecca Rimbach;D. Bisanzio;N. Galvis;A. Link;A. Di Fiore;T. Gillespie
疾病传播风险的增加被认为是社交的主要成本，尽管支持这一观点的经验证据仍然很少。空间凝聚力的变化和社会互动的发生可能对个体间寄生虫传播的模式产生深远的影响。我们使用了社会网络的方法来阐明不同方面的群体生活的重要性（即组内协会与身体接触）的模式，寄生在新热带灵长类动物，棕色蜘蛛猴（Ateles hybridus），表现出高度的裂变融合亚群。我们使用每日子组组成记录来创建一个“接近”网络，并使用涉及身体接触的社交互动来构建一个单独的“接触”网络。在邻近网络中，个体之间的连接是同质的，而接触网络突出了动物与其他动物的身体接触程度的个体间差异，这与个体的年龄和性别相关。在接触网络中，高度连接的个体的胃肠道寄生虫物种丰富度大于连接较少的个体，但在邻近网络中则不然。我们的研究结果表明，在棕色蜘蛛猴中，身体接触会影响几种常见寄生虫的传播，并支持病原体传播是与社会接触相关的一种成本的观点。
Elevated risk of disease transmission is considered a major cost of sociality, although empirical evidence supporting this idea remains scant. Variation in spatial cohesion and the occurrence of social interactions may have profound implications for patterns of interindividual parasite transmission. We used a social network approach to shed light on the importance of different aspects of group-living (i.e. within-group associations versus physical contact) on patterns of parasitism in a neotropical primate, the brown spider monkey (Ateles hybridus), which exhibits a high degree of fission–fusion subgrouping. We used daily subgroup composition records to create a ‘proximity’ network, and built a separate ‘contact’ network using social interactions involving physical contact. In the proximity network, connectivity between individuals was homogeneous, whereas the contact network highlighted high between-individual variation in the extent to which animals had physical contact with others, which correlated with an individual's age and sex. The gastrointestinal parasite species richness of highly connected individuals was greater than that of less connected individuals in the contact network, but not in the proximity network. Our findings suggest that among brown spider monkeys, physical contact impacts the spread of several common parasites and supports the idea that pathogen transmission is one cost associated with social contact.