The Link Between Polycentrism and Adaptive Capacity in River Basin Governance Systems: Insights from the River Rhine and the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Basin
The Link Between Polycentrism and Adaptive Capacity in River Basin Governance Systems: Insights from the River Rhine and the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Basin
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DOI：
10.1080/00045608.2013.754687
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Richards, Keith S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
da Silveira, Andre R.;Richards, Keith S.
流域是复杂的适应性社会生态系统。本文讨论了多中心治理对更适应形式的流域管理的影响。它认为，在欧盟（莱茵河）和中国（珠江）的水质管理的演变，以说明一个多中心的治理体系的制度动态如何影响过程的适应能力的基础。本文认为，多中心治理系统对适应能力的影响取决于系统组成部分之间的内部权力动态，它们的竞争与合作互动模式，以及功能操作联系的出现。后者使系统能够在实验、监测和学习过程中执行关键功能，例如系统地交换数据和信息。在欧洲的情况下，多中心主义和各种法律的，经济和政治激励措施，在地方，国家，流域和欧洲的规模已经成功地促进了这种业务联系，从而促进了适应能力。在中国，经济增长目标和强有力的政治控制机制构成了合作的激励机制，而便利的非正式做法和当地设计的合作机制则补充了多样性较低的制度环境。然而，鉴于目前在有效监测水环境和在河流流域范围内更多地获取和交流水质数据和信息方面存在障碍，这一日益多中心的系统目前的体制能力仍然不足以以适应性方式管理水质问题。
River basins are complex and adaptive socialecological systems. This article discusses the implications of polycentric governance for more adaptive forms of river basin management. It considers the evolution of water quality management in the European Union (the Rhine) and China (the Zhujiang) to illustrate how the institutional dynamics of a polycentric governance system influence processes underpinning adaptive capacity. The article posits that the influence of a polycentric governance system on adaptive capacity depends on the internal power dynamics among the components of a system, their competitive versus collaborative patterns of interaction, and the emergence of functional operational linkages. The latter enable a system to perform critical functions, such as systematic exchange of data and information, during processes of experimentation, monitoring, and learning. In the European case, polycentrism and the variety of legal, economic, and political incentivesput in place at local, national, basin, and European scaleshave been successful in promoting such operational linkages and hence have promoted adaptive capacity. In the Chinese case, where economic growth goals and strong political control mechanisms frame incentives for cooperation, a less diverse institutional environment is being complemented by expedient informal practices and locally devised collaboration mechanisms. Yet, given current obstacles to effective monitoring of the water environment and to greater access and exchange of water quality data and information at river basin scale, the current institutional capacity of this increasingly polycentric system remains insufficient to manage water quality issues in an adaptive manner.