Phylogeography of a freshwater crustacean species complex reflects a long-gone archipelago
Phylogeography of a freshwater crustacean species complex reflects a long-gone archipelago
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/jbi.12853
复制
发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Petrusek, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Copilas-Ciocianu, Denis;Petrusek, Adam
目标喀尔巴阡山脉是欧洲重要的生物多样性热点地区，其特点是动态的地质历史。它们的淡水片脚类动物群无处不在且多样化，由明显反映历史地质事件的微型特有谱系组成。在这项研究中，我们提出属于 Gammarus balcanicus 物种复合体的两种广泛形态型的互补分布反映了中新世期间喀尔巴阡群岛在时间顺序上两次不同的隆起事件。地点东南欧。方法我们对来自喀尔巴阡山脉 68 个地点（n=171）的两个线粒体（COI 和 16S）和三个核（28S、18S 和 EF1）标记进行了测序。弧。使用基于距离和系统发育的方法来量化线粒体标记的隐秘多样性。我们在更广泛的地理和系统发育背景下检查了喀尔巴阡谱系的系统发育关系、估计的分歧时间和重建的祖先地理分布。结果我们的结果揭示了一种形态类型，Gammarus cf。 balcanicus，是一个高度多样化和多系的实体（由至少 20 个神秘谱系组成），主要栖息在与古老的喀尔巴阡古岛屿相对应的地区。我们估计，这种形态类型在整个中新世的这个群岛上起源并多样化。相比之下，一种独特的变体，以前被描述为 G. balcanicus dacicus（此处升级为 G. dacicus [新状态]），是单系的，仅包含两个谱系，它们可能起源于晚中新世开始时的较年轻的陆地并多样化。此外，更新世冰川作用似乎对观测到的分布和多样性模式没有显着影响。线粒体标记检测到的每个隐秘谱系也得到至少一个核标记的支持。 主要结论喀尔巴阡古群岛陆地隆起的不同时间似乎在 G. balcanicus 物种复合体当地谱系的进化和多样化中发挥了核心作用。这表明早已消失的群岛的遗传遗产可以在同时代的大陆生物群中持续数百万年。
AimThe Carpathian Mountains are an important European biodiversity hotspot and are characterized by a dynamic geological history. Their freshwater amphipod fauna is ubiquitous and diverse, consisting of micro-endemic lineages that apparently reflect historical geological events. In this study, we propose that the complementary distribution of two widespread morphotypes belonging to the Gammarus balcanicus species complex reflects two chronologically distinct uplift episodes of the Carpathian Archipelago during the Miocene.LocationSoutheastern Europe.MethodsWe sequenced two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and three nuclear (28S, 18S and EF1) markers from 68 localities (n=171) across the Carpathian Arc. Distance and phylogenetic-based methods were used to quantify cryptic diversity from the mitochondrial markers. We examined phylogenetic relationships, estimated divergence times and reconstructed ancestral geographical distributions of the Carpathian lineages within a wider geographical and phylogenetic context.ResultsOur results revealed that one morphotype, Gammarus cf. balcanicus, is a highly diverse and polyphyletic entity (consisting of at least 20 cryptic lineages), mostly inhabiting the areas corresponding to old Carpathian palaeo-islands. We estimated that this morphotype originated and diversified on this archipelago throughout the Miocene. In contrast, a distinct morph, previously described as G. balcanicus dacicus (elevated here to species rank as G. dacicus [new status]), is monophyletic and comprises only two lineages that likely originated and diversified on younger landmasses at the onset of the Late Miocene. Furthermore, it appears that the Pleistocene glaciations did not have a significant effect on the observed distribution and diversity patterns. Each cryptic lineage detected by mitochondrial markers was also supported by at least one nuclear marker.Main conclusionsThe different timings of landmass uplifts of the Carpathian palaeo-archipelago seem to have played a central role in the evolution and diversification of local lineages of the G. balcanicus species complex. This indicates that the genetic legacy of long-gone archipelagos can persist for millions of years in contemporaneous continental biotas.