A New Era in Spatial Data Recording: Low-Cost GNSS
A New Era in Spatial Data Recording: Low-Cost GNSS
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DOI：
10.1017/aap.2018.50
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Williamson, Malcolm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hill, Austin Chad;Limp, Fred;Williamson, Malcolm
考古学家早就认识到，精确的三维坐标对于记录遗址和风景中的物体和特征至关重要。传统上，对于相对较小的区域，使用光学经纬仪或最近的电子测距设备(EDM)来获取这些三维点。虽然这种系统很有效，但也有很大的局限性，因为它们需要明确的场地界线。实时动态GPS/GNSS系统(全球定位系统/全球导航卫星系统)已有十多年的历史，可以在大范围内提供快速、准确的点测量，而不受旧技术的许多限制。然而，这种系统的成本对考古学家来说通常是令人望而却步的，因此它们的使用一直很少。最近，新一代低成本系统已经面世，使这项技术更容易为更广泛的用户群所用。本文描述了一种这样的低成本系统--Emlid REACH RS的用途、准确性和局限性，以说明为什么这是考古野外工作的重要工具。
Archaeologists have long recognized that precise three-dimensional coordinates are critical for recording objects and features across sites and landscapes. Traditionally, for relatively small areas, an optical transit or, more recently, an electronic distance measurement device (EDM) has been used to acquire these three-dimensional points. While effective, such systems have significant limitations in that they require a clear line of site. Real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS/GNSS systems (Global Positioning System/Global Navigation Satellite Systems) have been available for well over a decade, and can provide quick and accurate point measurements over a wide area without many of the limitation of older technologies. The cost of such systems, however, has generally been prohibitive for archaeologists, and so their use has been rare. Recently, a new generation of low-cost systems has become available, making this technology more accessible to a wider user base. This article describes the use, accuracy, and limitations of one such low-cost system, the Emlid Reach RS, to show why this is an important tool for archaeological fieldwork.