Improving performance of pedestrian positioning by using vehicular communication signals
Improving performance of pedestrian positioning by using vehicular communication signals
复制标题
利用车辆通信信号提高行人定位性能
DOI：
10.1049/iet-its.2017.0134
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Obana Sadao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang Suhua;Obana Sadao
行人与车辆之间的通信，即行人设备将其位置信息发送给附近的车辆，以表明其存在，有助于减少行人事故。基于卫星的系统被广泛用于行人定位，但在城市峡谷中性能大大降低，其中卫星信号经常被路边建筑物阻挡。作者提出了一种行人定位方法，它利用车辆通信信号，并使用车辆作为锚。行人定位的性能从三个方面得到改善：（i）使用信道状态信息代替接收信号强度指示符（RSSI）来估计行人-车辆距离，具有更高的精度。(ii)仅使用具有视线路径的信号，并考虑距离误差的性质。(iii)利用车辆的快速机动性获得不同的测量值，并应用卡尔曼滤波器平滑定位结果。通过基于跟踪的模拟进行的广泛评估证实，（i）可以大大提高位置的固定率。(ii)水平定位误差可以大大降低，与现成的接收机相比降低了近一个数量级，与基于RSSI的方法相比降低了近一半，并且当车辆传输周期为100 ms并且应用卡尔曼滤波器时，可以进一步降低到约80 cm。通常，定位性能随着可用车辆的数量及其传输频率而增加。
Pedestrian‐to‐vehicle communications, where pedestrian devices transmit their position information to nearby vehicles to indicate their presence, help to reduce pedestrian accidents. Satellite‐based systems are widely used for pedestrian positioning, but have much degraded performance in urban canyon, where satellite signals are often obstructed by roadside buildings. The authors propose a pedestrian positioning method, which leverages vehicular communication signals and uses vehicles as anchors. The performance of pedestrian positioning is improved from three aspects: (i) channel state information instead of received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is used to estimate pedestrian‐vehicle distance with higher precision. (ii) Only signals with line‐of‐sight path are used, and the property of distance error is considered. (iii) Fast mobility of vehicles is used to get diverse measurements, and Kalman filter is applied to smooth positioning results. Extensive evaluations, via trace‐based simulation, confirm that (i) fixing rate of positions can be much improved. (ii) Horizontal positioning error can be greatly reduced, nearly by one order compared with off‐the‐shelf receivers, by almost half compared with RSSI‐based method, and can be reduced further to about 80 cm when vehicle transmission period is 100 ms and Kalman filter is applied. Generally, positioning performance increases with the number of available vehicles and their transmission frequency.