T helper 2 and T follicular helper cells: Regulation and function of interleukin-4.

T helper 2 and T follicular helper cells: Regulation and function of interleukin-4.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.03.011
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发表时间:
2016-08
影响因子:
13
通讯作者:
Nurieva, Roza
Nurieva, Roza
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sahoo, Anupama;Wali, Shradha;Nurieva, Roza

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2型免疫的特征是表达细胞因子IL-4、IL-5、IL-9和IL-13,它们可以在宿主体内发挥保护性免疫的作用或具有致病作用。辅助性T细胞(Th)2细胞在介导抗寄生虫免疫方面发挥了有益的作用,也被认为是介导变态反应性疾病的关键角色。除了Th2细胞外,最近的研究发现T滤泡辅助细胞(Tfh)是调节2型体液免疫反应的IL-4的替代来源,表明Th2和Tfh细胞表现出重叠的表型和功能特征。Th2和Tfh细胞似乎利用独特的机制来调节IL-4的表达;然而,与Th2细胞不同的是,Tfh衍生的IL-4的调节和功能尚不完全清楚。了解IL-4在这两个细胞亚群中表达和功能的分子机制将有助于开发药理学方法来调节IL-4在不同疾病环境中的功能。
Type 2 immunity is characterized by expression of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13, which can function in mediating protective immunity in the host or possess a pathogenic role. T helper (Th) 2 cells have emerged to play a beneficial role in mediating anti-parasitic immunity and are also known to be key players in mediating allergic diseases. In addition to the Th2 cells, recent studies have identified T follicular helper (Tfh) cells as an alternative source of IL-4 to regulate type 2 humoral immune responses, indicating that Th2 and Tfh cells exhibit overlapping phenotypical and functional characteristics. Th2 and Tfh cells appear to utilize unique mechanisms for regulation of IL-4 expression; however unlike Th2 cells, the regulation and function of Tfh-derived IL-4 is not yet fully understood. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms for IL-4 expression and function in both cell subsets will lead to development of pharmacological approaches to regulate the function of IL-4 in different disease settings.
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