Unique in the Crowd: The privacy bounds of human mobility.

Unique in the Crowd: The privacy bounds of human mobility.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep01376
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Blondel, Vincent D.
Blondel, Vincent D.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre;Hidalgo, Cesar A.;Verleysen, Michel;Blondel, Vincent D.

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我们研究了150万人15个月的人类流动性数据,发现人类流动性的痕迹是非常独特的。事实上,在一个数据集中,个体的位置是每小时指定的,空间分辨率等于运营商天线给出的空间分辨率,四个时空点足以唯一识别95%的个体。我们在空间和时间上对数据进行粗化,以求在给定其分辨率和可用的外部信息的情况下,找到人类活动轨迹的唯一性公式。这个公式表明,迁移率轨迹的唯一性大约是其分辨率的1/10次方。因此,即使是粗略的数据集也提供了很少的匿名性。这些调查结果是对个人隐私的基本限制,并对专门保护个人隐私的框架和机构的设计具有重要影响。
We study fifteen months of human mobility data for one and a half million individuals and find that human mobility traces are highly unique. In fact, in a dataset where the location of an individual is specified hourly, and with a spatial resolution equal to that given by the carrier's antennas, four spatio-temporal points are enough to uniquely identify 95% of the individuals. We coarsen the data spatially and temporally to find a formula for the uniqueness of human mobility traces given their resolution and the available outside information. This formula shows that the uniqueness of mobility traces decays approximately as the 1/10 power of their resolution. Hence, even coarse datasets provide little anonymity. These findings represent fundamental constraints to an individual's privacy and have important implications for the design of frameworks and institutions dedicated to protect the privacy of individuals.
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