EARLY SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
EARLY SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
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DOI：
10.1192/bjp.112.484.225
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发表时间：
1966-01-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
CHAPMAN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHAPMAN, J
据报道，一项由 40 名年轻精神分裂症患者主观经历的心理功能变化的临床研究。描述和讨论了与注意力、知觉、记忆、运动和言语障碍相关的各种现象，特别是早期诊断。有人认为，这些现象可能早在已确定的疾病迹象明显出现之前就被患者主观地经历过。有人认为，所提供的临床数据支持精神分裂症是一种器质性精神病的观点，并且这种疾病中的言语障碍本质上是失语症。有人认为，精神分裂症患者知觉和精神运动功能的改变导致意识中充斥着感觉数据，其程度超出了正常经验的限度。阻塞现象被认为是短暂的意识障碍，其发展与未能排除来自内部和外部来源的不相关刺激有关。对后一种现象和癫痫性意识障碍进行了临床比较，注意到了重要的区别。讨论了与知觉和认知的特定缺陷相关的各种情绪变化、紧张性症状和妄想的发展。最后，初步建议可以将概述的临床方法与实验心理学方法结合使用，以便以更具体的方式对精神分裂症疾病进行分类。
A clinical study of changes in mental function, subjectively experienced by a group of 40 young schizophrenia patients, is reported. Various phenomena related to disturbances in attention, perception, memory, motility and speech are described and discussed, with special reference to early diagnosis. It is suggested that these phenomena may be subjectively experienced by the patients long before signs of established disease appear overtly. It is argued that the clinical data presented support the view that schizophrenia is an organic psychosis, and also that the impairment In speech in thlsdisease is aphasic in nature. It is suggested that the alteration in the perceptual and psychomotor functions in schizophrenia results in a flooding of consciousness with sensory data to a degree beyond the limits of normal experience. Blocking phenomena are regarded as transient disturbances inconsciousness which develop in association with afailure to exclude irrelevant stimulationfrom internal and external sources. A clinical comparison is made between the latter phenomenon and epileptic disturbances of consciousness, the important differences being noted. Various emotional changes, catatonic symptoms and the development of delusions are discussed in relation to particular defects in perception and cognition. Finally, the tentative suggestion is made that the clinical approach outlined might be utilized, in conjunction with experimental psychological methods, for the purpose of classifying schizophrenic illnesses in a more specific manner.