Use of cinnabar in funerary practices in the Central Pyrenees. Analysis of pigments on bones from the prehistoric burial of the Cueva de la Sierra cave in Campodarbe (Huesca, Spain)
Use of cinnabar in funerary practices in the Central Pyrenees. Analysis of pigments on bones from the prehistoric burial of the Cueva de la Sierra cave in Campodarbe (Huesca, Spain)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.103849
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发表时间：
2023-04
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通讯作者：
José María Rodanés-Vicente;J. A. Cuchí-Oterino;T. Minami;Kazuya Takahashi;J. Martín‐Gil;José Ignacio Lorenzo-Lizalde;P. Martín‐Ramos
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作者：
José María Rodanés-Vicente;J. A. Cuchí-Oterino;T. Minami;Kazuya Takahashi;J. Martín‐Gil;José Ignacio Lorenzo-Lizalde;P. Martín‐Ramos
在史前墓葬中，红色颜料的出现是很常见的。在本文介绍的研究中，通过X射线荧光光谱、扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散X射线光谱、拉曼光谱、X射线粉末衍射和硫（δ 34 S）同位素分析，对新石器时代晚期和早期铜石时代之间在坎波达布（西班牙韦斯卡）的Cueva de拉谢拉的墓葬中洒下的颜料的成分和来源进行了表征。埋葬中使用的颜料的化学成分可以明确地确定为朱砂，而S同位素特征表明其来源于伊比利亚半岛西北部的矿石。距离埋藏地点500公里，这表明阿尔马登露头是伊比利亚半岛主要朱砂来源的替代来源。在中比利牛斯山脉南坡的埃布罗山谷中发现朱砂，迫使我们重新思考公元前4千纪最后时刻伊比利亚半岛北部居民社区之间复杂的互动过程。
The appearance of red pigments in prehistoric burial sites is frequent. In the study presented herein, the composition and provenance of the pigment sprinkled in a burial dated between the Late Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic periods in theCueva de la Sierra, in Campodarbe (Huesca, Spain), were characterized through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis. The chemical composition of the pigment used in the burial could be unequivocally established as cinnabar, and the S isotope signature pointed to an origin in the ores of the Northwestern Iberian Peninsula, ca. 500 km far from the burial site, suggesting an alternative provenance to the Almadén outcrop, the main cinnabar source in the Iberian Peninsula. The presence of cinnabar in the Ebro valley, on the southern slope of the Central Pyrenees, forces us to rethink the complex processes of interaction between communities that populated the north of the Iberian Peninsula during the final moments of the 4th millennium BC.