Capacitive Power Transfer Through a Conformal Bumper for Electric Vehicle Charging
Capacitive Power Transfer Through a Conformal Bumper for Electric Vehicle Charging
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DOI：
10.1109/jestpe.2015.2505622
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
J. Dai;D. Ludois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Dai;D. Ludois
无线电能传输(WPT)作为一种实用的电动汽车充电方式正在兴起。在最常见的WPT、电感耦合和电容耦合方法中，电容功率传输(CPT)被提出以千瓦级的功率水平为电动汽车充电。CPT的实施用铝箔表面取代了感应方式的铜线圈和可渗透聚焦/屏蔽材料，使CPT成为一种成本效益高、结构简单的系统，同时保持了高效的电力传输能力。本文解决了千瓦级CPT系统发展的主要技术障碍，即通过实现车辆和充电站之间的高耦合电容来实现安全的场限制。高电容耦合是通过一个共形(柔性和压缩的)发射器保险杠实现的，该保险杠将自己塑造并轮廓到车辆上。这最大限度地减少了气隙，并限制了充电过程中的电场。在这里，保形表面表现出比等面积的刚性表面多3-5倍的耦合电容。文中还详细讨论了使用E2类放大器/整流器的相关电力电子学。建立了对Corbin Sparrow电动汽车156V电池组进行充电的实验对接站，并在530 kHz下以10nF的耦合电容测试了1kW的输出功率和~90%的效率。
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is emerging as a practical means for electric vehicle (EV) charging. Of the most common approaches to WPT, inductive coupling, and capacitive coupling, capacitive power transfer (CPT) is proposed to charge an EV at a kilowatt scale power level. CPT implementation replaces copper coils and permeable focusing/shielding materials of inductive approaches with foil surfaces, making CPT a cost effective and structurally simple system to implement while maintaining efficient power transfer capability. This paper addresses the primary technical hurdles to kilowatt scale CPT system development, namely, safe field confinement by achieving high coupling capacitance between the vehicle and the charging station. High capacitive coupling is achieved through a conformal (flexible and compressive) transmitter bumper that molds and contours itself to the vehicle. This minimizes the air gap and confines the field during charging. Here, a conformal surface demonstrates 3-5 times more coupling capacitance than its rigid counterpart of equal area. The associated power electronics are also discussed in detail, utilizing a Class E2 amplifier/rectifier. An experimental docking station was built to charge the 156 V battery pack of a Corbin Sparrow EV and measured throughput power is demonstrated at 1 kW at ~90% efficiency via a coupling capacitance of 10 nF operating at 530 kHz.