Earthworm-Processed Organic Wastes as Components Of Horticultural Potting Media for Growing Marigold and Vegetable Seedlings
Earthworm-Processed Organic Wastes as Components Of Horticultural Potting Media for Growing Marigold and Vegetable Seedlings
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DOI：
10.1080/1065657x.2000.10701994
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发表时间：
2000-06
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Atiyeh;C. Edwards;S. Subler;J. Metzger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Atiyeh;C. Edwards;S. Subler;J. Metzger
我们在标准的商业无土植物生长培养基（Metro-Mix 360）中萌发和生长番茄、辣椒、生菜和万寿菊幼苗，并在用10%或20%（按体积计）猪粪或食物垃圾中提取的蠕虫堆肥代替的椰壳/珍珠岩和泥炭/珍珠岩基容器培养基中生长。一半的处理用液体无机肥料浇水，另一半只用水。番茄、辣椒、生菜和万金菊种子在椰壳/珍珠岩混合物中的发芽率与在Metro-Mix 360中无显著差异。而番茄、辣椒和莴苣幼苗在泥炭/珍珠岩混合物中的发芽率很低。用等量的蚯蚓堆肥，特别是猪粪蚯蚓堆肥代替一些泥炭/珍珠岩混合物，大大提高了发芽率，使其与商业培养基中的发芽率相当（Metro-Mix 360）。胡椒、生菜和万年菊幼苗在Metro-Mix 360中生长，其配方中已经含有发菜营养肥，比在对照培养基（椰子/珍珠岩混合物和泥炭/珍珠岩混合物）中生长的幼苗有更大的根和茎干重。用10%或20%的蚯蚓堆肥替代椰泥/珍珠岩和泥炭/珍珠岩混合物，可显著促进幼苗生长，植株整体生长与Metro-Mix 360相当，有时甚至更好。当每天给植株提供完全的肥料溶液时，在含有20%猪粪蚯蚓堆肥的泥炭基基质中的万金菊幼苗，以及在椰油和泥炭基基质中混合了20%食物垃圾蚯蚓堆肥的生菜幼苗，比在商业盆栽介质中生长的幼苗产生更大的茎干重。泥炭/珍珠岩基混合物的生长促进作用往往大于椰子/珍珠岩基混合物，添加猪粪蚯蚓堆肥比添加食物垃圾蚯蚓堆肥的生长促进作用更大。蚯蚓处理过的猪粪和食物垃圾是适合加入无土盆栽培养基的材料，因为用相对低浓度的蚯蚓堆肥代替这些培养基可以促进植物生长。
We germinated and grew tomato, pepper, lettuce, and marigold seedlings in a standard commercial soilless plant growth medium (Metro-Mix 360), and in coir/perlite and peat/perlite-based container media substituted with 10% or 20%, by volume, of vermicompost derived from pig manure or food wastes. Half of the treatments were watered with liquid inorganic fertilizer while the other half received only water. Germination rates of tomato, pepper, lettuce, and marigold seeds in the coir/perlite mixture did not differ significantly from that in Metro-Mix 360. However, the germination rate of tomato, pepper and lettuce seedlings was very low in the peat/perlite mixture. Substituting some of the peat/perlite mixtures with equal amounts of vermicomposts, particularly pig manure vermicompost, enhanced germination rates greatly, making it comparable to that in the commercial medium (Metro-Mix 360). Pepper, lettuce, and marigold seedlings grown in Metro-Mix 360, which already contains a starter nutrient fertilizer in its formulation, had greater root and shoot dry weights than those grown in the control media (coir/perlite mix and peat/perlite mix). Substituting coir/perlite and peat/perlite mixtures with 10% or 20% of either vermicompost enhanced the growth of seedlings significantly, resulting in an overall plant growth as good as and sometimes better than that in Metro-Mix 360. When the plants were provided daily with a complete fertilizer solution, marigold seedlings in peat-based substrate with 20% pig waste vermicompost, and lettuce seedlings in both coir and peat-based substrates, mixed with 20% food wastes vermicompost, produced greater shoot dry weights than those grown in the commercial potting medium. The growth enhancements tended to be greater in peat/perlite-based mixes than in coir/perlite-based mixes, more so with the addition of pig manure vermicompost than with food waste vermicompost. Earthworm-processed pig manure and food wastes would be suitable materials for inclusion into the formulation of soilless potting media, since substitution of these media with relatively low concentrations of vermicomposts can promote plant growth.