An overview of the asymmetric bipolar representation of positive and negative information in possibility theory
An overview of the asymmetric bipolar representation of positive and negative information in possibility theory
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fss.2008.11.006
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发表时间：
2009-05-16
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Prade, Henri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubois, Didier;Prade, Henri
这篇文章强调了区分负面信息和正面信息的重要性。虽然知识片段排除了已知不可能的事情，但片段证据或观察指出了实际可能的情况，即确实存在。但被认为不是不可能的事情可能永远不会被观察到。这也适用于对代理人的偏好进行建模，当一些潜在的选择因不可行或不可容忍而被拒绝时，而其他选择如果可用则真正令人满意，从而为代理人无动于衷的替代方案留出空间。积累负面信息会移除可能的世界，基本上是合取的(就像在经典逻辑中所做的那样)，而积极信息增加了可能世界的集合，本质上是分离的，甚至是累积的。这第二类信息在很大程度上被逻辑传统忽视了。这两种类型的信息在对知识建模时都可能充满分级的不确定性，或者在处理偏好时可能是一个程度问题。这两种类型的信息可以在可能性理论的框架内容纳。信息的两极性质可以为知识或偏好的修订提供新的线索。在进行推理或提高灵活查询的表现力时，它也是高度相关的。(C)2008 Elsevier B.V.，所有比赛已预订。
The paper emphasizes the interest of distinguishing between negative and positive information. While pieces of knowledge rule out what is known to be impossible, pieces of evidence, or observations, point out situations that are actually possible, i.e., do exist. But what is supposedly not impossible may never be observed. This applies as well to the modelling of the preferences of an agent when some potential choices are rejected since unfeasible or not tolerable, while other options are really satisfactory if they are available, leaving room for alternatives to which the agent is indifferent. Accumulating negative information removes possible worlds and is basically conjunctive (as done in classical logic), while positive information augments the set of possible worlds and is disjunctive or even cumulative by nature. This second type of information has been largely neglected by the logical tradition. Both types of information may be pervaded with graded uncertainty when modelling knowledge, or may be a matter of degree when handling preferences. The two types of information can be accommodated in the framework of possibility theory. The bipolar nature of information can shed new light on the revision of knowledge or preference. It is also highly relevant when making inference, or for improving the expressivity of flexible queries. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.