The visual spectral sensitivity of the Chilean recluse spider Loxosceles laeta
The visual spectral sensitivity of the Chilean recluse spider Loxosceles laeta
复制标题
智利隐士蜘蛛 Loxosceles laeta 的视觉光谱敏感性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
O. Schmachtenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Felipe Tapia;J. Olivares;O. Schmachtenberg
蜘蛛是节肢动物的一大类群，在温暖和温带气候中几乎无处不在。它们依靠触觉和视觉信息来狩猎和繁殖，但与它们的机械感官相比，人们对它们的视觉系统知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们分析了智利隐士蜘蛛Loxosceles laeta的视觉光谱灵敏度，一个对人类构成重大威胁的合生物种，使用视网膜电图记录的三种眼睛类型和开放的领域测试与本地化的彩色照明行为分析。视网膜电图在紫外和绿色范围内显示两个敏感峰，并且在三种眼型之间和男女样本之间没有观察到差异。选择性色适应降低了整体的光敏感性，但不支持一种以上的视紫红质在光感受器中的表达。旷场试验显示，与侧边区域相比，对角落的偏好，以及与非照明区域相比，对由较短波长（紫色至绿色）光照明的旷场区域的探索增加，而未观察到对红光和近红外光的行为反应。这些数据表明L. LAETA具有单色视觉，在它的三个次级眼睛对中没有光谱特化。总结：Loxosceles laeta具有单色视觉，光谱范围在紫外线和绿色之间，并且没有眼睛类型或性别特异性光谱专业化，使用视网膜电图和行为分析证明。
ABSTRACT Spiders are a large group of arthropods and nearly omnipresent in warm and temperate climates. They rely on tactile and visual information to hunt and breed, but compared with their mechanical senses, little is known about their visual systems. In this study, we analyzed the visual spectral sensitivity of the Chilean recluse spider Loxosceles laeta, a synanthropic species posing a significant threat to humans, using electroretinogram recordings of its three eye types and open field tests with localized chromatic illumination for behavioral analysis. The electroretinogram displayed two sensitivity peaks in the ultraviolet and green ranges, and no differences were observed between the three eye types and between male and female specimens. Selective chromatic adaptation reduced overall light sensitivity, but did not support the expression of more than one type of rhodopsin in photoreceptors. The open field tests revealed a preference for corners over side areas, and an increased exploration of open field areas illuminated by shorter wavelength (violet to green) light compared with non-illuminated areas, while no behavioral responses to red and near-infrared light were observed. These data suggest that L. laeta has monochromatic vision without spectral specializations in its three secondary eye pairs. Summary: Loxosceles laeta has monochromatic vision with a spectral range between the ultraviolet and green and no eye type- or sex-specific spectral specializations, evidenced using electroretinogram and behavioral assays.