Role of microRNAs in the regulation of innate immune cells under neuroinflammatory conditions
Role of microRNAs in the regulation of innate immune cells under neuroinflammatory conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.coph.2015.09.001
复制
发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Pedroso de Lima, Maria C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardoso, Ana L.;Guedes, Joana R.;Pedroso de Lima, Maria C.
miRNA是短的、进化上保守的非编码RNA分子，具有控制炎症程度的能力。脑的免疫抑制性质通过小胶质细胞的miRNA依赖性调节来维持，所述小胶质细胞在神经炎性条件（例如脑损伤和神经变性）下被激活。最近，研究最多的神经免疫miRNA miR-155和miR-146 a的促炎和抑制作用受到了挑战。尽管这些miRNA的分子靶点在脑疾病中保持不变，但miRNA表达和降解的不同动力学可以产生不同的免疫结果并改变小胶质细胞表型。在这里，我们讨论了目前的知识有关的神经炎症和急性和慢性中枢神经系统疾病的病理生理学的miRNA网络中断的影响。
MiRNAs are short, evolutionary conserved noncoding RNA molecules with the ability to control the magnitude of inflammation. The immunosuppressive nature of the brain is sustained by miRNA-dependent regulation of microglial cells, which become activated under neuroinflammatory conditions, such as brain injury and neurodegeneration. The pro inflammatory and suppressive role of the most studied neuroimmune miRNAs, miR-155 and miR-146a, has been recently challenged. Although the molecular targets of these miRNAs remain unchanged across brain diseases, different kinetics of miRNA expression and degradation can produce different immune outcomes and change microglia phenotypes. Here, we discuss current knowledge regarding the implications of disruption of miRNA networks in neuroinflammation and in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic CNS diseases.