Radiopharmaceuticals for renal positron emission tomography imaging.
Radiopharmaceuticals for renal positron emission tomography imaging.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2007.09.008
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Z. Szabo;Jinsong Xia;W. B. Mathews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Z. Szabo;Jinsong Xia;W. B. Mathews
用于肾功能成像的放射性药物，包括肾血流量、肾血容量、肾小球排泄和代谢，已经有一段时间了。本文综述了用于功能性肾成像的放射性药物，以及那些针对肾损伤和修复相关分子成分的放射性药物。由于血管紧张素和内皮素受体与肾脏生理和病理相关，它们是肾脏成像特别有吸引力的分子靶点。其他靶点如血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）受体、整合素或磷脂酰丝氨酸已被详细研究用于癌症成像，但它们同样是肾损伤/修复过程的重要组成部分。各种疾病可能涉及相同的机制，例如血管生成和细胞凋亡，并且针对其他器官中这些过程开发的放射性药物也可用于肾脏成像。正电子发射断层扫描的灵敏度和空间分辨率使其成为分子和功能肾脏成像的理想工具。用于肾脏的放射性药物开发必须集中于实现高靶标选择性和结合亲和力，稳定性和体内缓慢代谢，以及最小的非特异性积累和尿排泄。
Radiopharmaceuticals for functional renal imaging, including renal blood flow, renal blood volume, glomerular excretion, and metabolism have been available for some time. This review outlines radiopharmaceuticals for functional renal imaging as well as those that target pertinent molecular constituents of renal injury and repair. The angiotensin and endothelin receptors are particularly appealing molecular targets for renal imaging because of their association with renal physiology and pathology. Other targets such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, integrin, or phosphatidylserine have been investigated at length for cancer imaging, but they are just as important constituents of the renal injury/repair process. Various diseases can involve identical mechanisms, such as angiogenesis and apoptosis, and radiopharmaceuticals developed for these processes in other organs can also be used for renal imaging. The sensitivity and spatial resolution of positron emission tomography makes it an ideal tool for molecular and functional kidney imaging. Radiopharmaceutical development for the kidneys must focus on achieving high target selectivity and binding affinity, stability and slow metabolism in vivo, and minimal nonspecific accumulation and urinary excretion.