A scalable synchronization protocol for large scale sensor networks and its applications
A scalable synchronization protocol for large scale sensor networks and its applications
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DOI：
10.1109/jsac.2005.845418
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Scaglione, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hong, YW;Scaglione, A
在无线传感器网络中，由于其分散的结构，同步被认为是一项特别困难的任务。有趣的是，在生物制剂的网络中经常观察到同步(例如，同步闪烁的萤火虫或神经元的尖峰)。在本文中，我们提出了一种仿效生物代理所采用的简单策略的大规模传感器网络的仿生网络同步协议。该策略使被引导以周期性和同时发射其脉冲的脉冲设备同步。我们的策略的趋同于同步性源于米罗罗和斯特罗加茨，1990年的理论，而可伸缩性从自然界中存在的许多例子中可见一斑。当节点在单个广播范围内时，我们的关键观察是同步时间对节点数量N的依赖受到相变的影响：对于超过特定阈值的N值，同步几乎是立即的；而对于较小的N，同步时间相对于N平滑地减少。有趣的是，在总能量消耗和达到同步所需的时间之间观察到折衷。在与上述相变现象相关的能量消耗曲线的局部极小值处，我们得到了一个最佳工作点。将所提出的同步协议直接应用于协作反馈通信问题。该方法的主要优点是可伸缩性好、复杂度低。
Synchronization is considered a particularly difficult task in wireless sensor networks due to its decentralized structure. Interestingly, synchrony has often been observed in networks of biological agents (e.g., synchronously flashing fireflies' or spiking of neurons). In this paper, we propose a bio-inspired network synchronization protocol for large scale sensor networks that emulates the simple strategies adopted by the biological agents. The strategy synchronizes pulsing devices that are led to emit their pulses periodically and simultaneously. The convergence to synchrony of our strategy follows from the theory of Mirollo and Strogatz, 1990, while the scalability is evident from the many examples existing in the natural world. When the nodes are within a single broadcast range, our key observation is that the dependence of the synchronization time on the number of nodes N is subject to a phase transition: for values of N beyond a specific threshold, the synchronization is nearly immediate; while for smaller N, the synchronization time decreases smoothly with respect to N. Interestingly, a tradeoff is observed between the total energy consumption and the time necessary to reach synchrony. We obtain an optimum operating point at the local minimum of the energy consumption curve that is associated to the phase transition phenomenon mentioned before. The proposed synchronization protocol is directly applied to the cooperative reach-back communications problem.. The main advantages of the proposed method are its scalability and low complexity.