Early and late environmental risk factors for schizophrenia
Early and late environmental risk factors for schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0173(99)00030-2
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Murray, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McDonald, C;Murray, RM
虽然精神分裂症的易感性很大程度上受遗传控制，但已确定了一些环境风险因素。其中最早的是怀孕和分娩的并发症，尽管这些并发症是否导致或反映了大脑发育紊乱还不完全清楚。神经发育异常还表现为儿童期的神经功能障碍、社交、行为和认知缺陷。移民身份是一个重要的风险因素，特别是在英格兰的非洲加勒比人口中，尽管机制尚不清楚。后来的环境风险因素包括不良生活事件和药物滥用。多个遗传和环境风险因素的叠加模型可能过于简单化，而遗传易感性与环境影响复合的交互模型更符合当前的证据。这种相互作用的性质可以更充分地探讨时，精神分裂症的易感基因被确定。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
Although a high proportion of liability to schizophrenia is under genetic control, a number of environmental risk Factors have been identified. The earliest of these are complications of pregnancy and birth, though whether these cause or reflect disturbed brain development is not absolutely clear. Neurodevelopmental deviance is also indicated by neurological dysfunction, social, behavioural and cognitive deficits during childhood. Immigrant status is a significant risk factor, especially prominent among the African Caribbean population in England, though the mechanism is unknown. Later environmental risk factors include adverse life events and substance abuse. An additive model of multiple genetic and environmental risk factors of small effect may be too simplistic and an interactive model where genetic predisposition is compounded by environmental effects is more in keeping with current evidence. The nature of such interactions can be explored more fully when susceptibility genes fur schizophrenia are identified. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.