The cryptotephra record of the Marine Isotope Stage 12 to 10 interval (460–335 ka) at Tenaghi Philippon, Greece: Exploring chronological markers for the Middle Pleistocene of the Mediterranean region
The cryptotephra record of the Marine Isotope Stage 12 to 10 interval (460–335 ka) at Tenaghi Philippon, Greece: Exploring chronological markers for the Middle Pleistocene of the Mediterranean region
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.09.019
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
P. Vakhrameeva;A. Koutsodendris;S. Wulf;W. Fletcher;Oona Appelt;M. Knipping;R. Gertisser;M. Trieloff;J. Pross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Vakhrameeva;A. Koutsodendris;S. Wulf;W. Fletcher;Oona Appelt;M. Knipping;R. Gertisser;M. Trieloff;J. Pross
精确的年表，允许直接相关的古气候档案是一个先决条件，破译短期气候变率的时空特征。这种年表可以通过分析保存在各自沉积档案中的火山灰层来建立。在这里，我们探讨尚未开发的中更新世，特别是海洋同位素阶段（MIS）12-10（460-335万年）的间隔东地中海地区的火山灰年代潜力。高分辨率cryptotephra分析进行了泥炭芯跨越MIS 12-10间隔已恢复的标志性气候档案Tenaghi Philippon，希腊东北部。18个主要cryptotephras进行了鉴定，并进行了主要和微量元素分析的单个玻璃碎片从所有cryptotephras，以使它们与它们的喷发源。结果表明，起源于意大利和爱琴海弧火山。具体来说，一个隐火山灰层可以与圣托里尼岛的Cape Therma 1喷发密切相关，这使得它成为这次喷发事件的第一个远端火山灰发现。虽然另外八个隐火山岩可能与它们的火山或甚至喷发源暂时相关，但另外九个隐火山岩的来源仍然未知。相对大量的cryptotephras，不能被分配到特定的火山源和喷发事件反映了仍然相当大的知识差距有关的地质年代学和地球化学的近端火山碎屑沉积物中更新世的中部和东部地中海地区。由于缺乏良好的中更新世喷发，我们提供的所有cryptotephra层的年龄估计在MIS 12-10间隔Tenaghi Philippon的基础上，从相同的核心高分辨率的花粉数据。其中8个隐晶岩沉积于MIS 12期（距今438-427 ka），1个隐晶岩沉积于MIS 11期（距今419 ka），5个隐晶岩沉积于MIS 11期的较年轻阶段（距今391-367 ka），4个隐晶岩沉积于MIS 10期（距今359-336 ka）。在Tenaghi Philippon的MIS 12-10间隔中记录的来自多个来源的大量cryptotephras突出了该档案在连接地中海中部和东部地区中更新世的灰岩地层格架中的关键作用。
Precise chronologies that allow direct correlation of paleoclimate archives are a prerequisite for deciphering the spatiotemporal characteristics of short-term climate variability. Such chronologies can be established through the analysis of tephra layers that are preserved in the respective sedimentary archives. Here we explore the yet untapped tephrochronological potential of the Eastern Mediterranean region for the Middle Pleistocene, specifically for the interval spanning Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 12–10 (460–335 ka). High-resolution cryptotephra analysis was carried out on peat cores spanning the MIS 12–10 interval that have been recovered from the iconic climate archive of Tenaghi Philippon, NE Greece. Eighteen primary cryptotephras were identified, and major- and trace-element analyses of single glass shards from all cryptotephras were performed in order to correlate them with their eruptive sources. The results suggest origins from both Italian and Aegean Arc volcanoes. Specifically, one cryptotephra layer could be firmly correlated with the Cape Therma 1 eruption from Santorini, which makes it the first distal tephra finding for this eruptive event. While eight further cryptotephras could be tentatively correlated with their volcanic or even eruptive sources, the provenance of another nine cryptotephras as yet remains unknown. The relatively large number of cryptotephras that could not be assigned to specific volcanic sources and eruptive events reflects the still considerable knowledge gap regarding the geochronology and geochemistry of proximal tephra deposits from the Middle Pleistocene of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean regions. Due to the lack of well-dated Middle Pleistocene eruptions, we provide age estimates for all cryptotephra layers identified in the MIS 12–10 interval at Tenaghi Philippon based on high-resolution pollen data from the same cores. While eight of the identified cryptotephras were deposited within MIS 12 (∼438–427 ka), one cryptotephra was deposited at the onset of MIS 11 (∼419 ka), five cryptotephras during the younger part of MIS 11 (∼391–367 ka), and four cryptotephras during MIS 10 (∼359–336 ka). The high number of cryptotephras from multiple sources as recorded in the MIS 12–10 interval at Tenaghi Philippon highlights the key role of this archive for linking tephrostratigraphic lattices for the Middle Pleistocene of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean regions.