Phylogenomic dating and Bayesian biogeography illuminate an antitropical pattern for eucerine bees
Phylogenomic dating and Bayesian biogeography illuminate an antitropical pattern for eucerine bees
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系统基因组测年和贝叶斯生物地理学阐明了真蜂的逆热带模式
DOI：
10.1111/jbi.14359
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Almeida, Eduardo A. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freitas, Felipe V.;Branstetter, Michael G.;Casali, Daniel M.;Aguiar, Antonio J. C.;Griswold, Terry;Almeida, Eduardo A. B.
AimAn反热带格局的特点是在热带以南和北部有密切相关的分类群，但在靠近赤道的地区没有或很少出现，而大多数分类群往往在热带地区具有最高的多样性。我们调查了欧洲蜜蜂的反热带分布，目的是有助于这种模式的表征和理解。地理位置除南极洲和澳大利亚外的所有大陆。紫蜂（膜翅目：蜂科：紫蜂科）。方法在两种不同的时钟模型下进行系统基因组测年，并使用多种策略改变矩阵组成，利用Bhattacharyya系数评估不同模型估计的发散时间的重叠。最后，我们利用DEC模型的贝叶斯实现重建了欧洲蜜蜂的生物地理历史。结果古新世时，斑尾亚科开始多样化，其所有部落都起源于南美洲南部的古新世/始新世过渡时期。在巴拿马地峡完全关闭之前，至少有两次范围扩张发生在北美。研究表明，在气候有利于开阔栖息地扩张的时期，分布不一致的密切相关群体之间的分化可能会发生，而在森林重新建立时，这些群体就会变得孤立。我们描述了欧洲蜜蜂的早期多样化，揭示了与南美洲南部的密切联系。全球变冷和干旱化时期可能影响了Eucerinae的范围演变，古气候和植被条件可能与Eucerinae的反热带分布的形成有关，而不是连接美洲的巴拿马地峡的巩固。我们还证明，发散时间估计中的大多数不确定性不是由于所使用的分子数据的数量，而更有可能是其他因素，如化石校准和时钟模型的违反。
AimAn antitropical pattern is characterized by the occurrence of closely related taxa south and north of the tropics but absent or uncommonly represented closer to the equator, in contrast to most taxa, which tend to have their highest diversity in the tropical regions. We investigate the antitropical distribution of eucerine bees with the aim of contributing to the characterization and understanding of this pattern.LocationAll continents except Antarctica and Australia.TaxonEucerine bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Eucerinae).MethodsWe carried out phylogenomic dating under two different clock models and used multiple strategies to vary matrix composition, evaluating the overlapping of divergence times estimated across models using Bhattacharyya coefficients. Lastly, we reconstructed the biogeographic history of eucerine bees using a Bayesian implementation of the DEC model.ResultsEucerinae is estimated to have started diversifying during the Palaeocene, with all its tribes originating during the Palaeocene/Eocene transition in southern South America. At least two range expansions happened into North America before the full closure of the Isthmus of Panama. We show that divergence between closely related groups with disjunct distributions would have happened in periods when the climate favoured the expansion of open habitats and became isolated when the forests were re‐established.Main conclusionsWe describe the early diversification of eucerine bees, revealing an intimate association with southern South America. Events of range evolution of Eucerinae were likely affected by periods of global cooling and aridification, and palaeoclimatic and vegetational conditions probably have been more relevant to the formation of the antitropical distribution of Eucerinae than the consolidation of the Isthmus of Panama connecting the Americas. We also demonstrate that most uncertainty in divergence time estimation is not due to the amount of molecular data being used, but more likely other factors like fossil calibrations and violations of clock models.
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