Lipolysis of domestic wastewater in anaerobic reactors operating at low temperatures
Lipolysis of domestic wastewater in anaerobic reactors operating at low temperatures
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DOI：
10.1039/c8ew00156a
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发表时间：
2018-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Petropoulos;J. Dolfing;Yongjie Yu;Yongjie Yu;Matthew John Wade;Emma J. Bowen;R. Davenport;T. Curtis
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. Petropoulos;J. Dolfing;Yongjie Yu;Yongjie Yu;Matthew John Wade;Emma J. Bowen;R. Davenport;T. Curtis
脂类分解不良是低温下生活污水厌氧处理的主要障碍。脂质被细胞外脂肪酶降解，这些脂肪酶是由迄今未知的细菌产生的。我们希望知道，如果在低温下的脂肪降解不良是由于缺乏脂肪酶或缺乏脂肪酶活性。因此，我们在4 ° C、8 ° C和15 °C下对适合处理沉降生活废水的生物质中的脂肪酶活性进行了测定，并将其与37 °C下相同生物质的活性进行了比较。脂肪酶活性随温度降低，在4 °C下不可测量。当在37 °C下评价生物质中的脂肪酶活性时，适应于4 °C的生物质中的脂肪酶活性比适应于15 °C的生物质中的脂肪酶活性高21.7 ± 14.0%。我们的结论是，酶在低温下产生，但在这些温度下的活性低。沉降和未沉降的废水用作对照，我们惊讶地看到在低温下未沉降的废水中的脂解活性。活性太高，不能解释生物洗涤剂的存在，我们推断这是由生活废水中天然存在的细菌引起的。在低温下的脂解活性的存在与存在的成员的属Trichococcus和Devosia，和家庭Caldilineaceae和拟杆菌科。
Poor breakdown of lipids is a major barrier to the anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater at low temperatures. Lipids are degraded by extracellular lipases that are produced by, as yet, unknown bacteria. We wished to know if the poor degradation of lipids at low temperatures is due to a lack of lipase or to a lack of lipase activity. We therefore conducted an assay of the lipase activity in biomass adapted to the treatment of settled domestic wastewater at 4, 8 and 15 °C and compared this with the activity of the same biomass at 37 °C. Lipase activity decreased with temperature and was un-measurable at 4 °C. When the lipase activity in the biomass was evaluated at 37 °C, the lipase activity was 21.7 ± 14.0% greater in the biomass adapted to 4 °C than in the biomass adapted to 15 °C. We conclude that enzymes are produced at low temperatures but that the activity at these temperatures is low. Settled and unsettled wastewaters were used as controls and we were surprised to see lipolytic activity in the unsettled wastewaters at low temperatures. The activity was too high to be accounted for by the presence of biological detergents and we infer that is caused by bacteria naturally present in domestic wastewater. The presence of lipolytic activity at low temperatures was associated with the presence of members of the genera Trichococcus and Devosia, and the families Caldilineaceae and Bacteroidaceae.