Effect of no-tillage on soil bacterial and fungal community diversity: A meta-analysis
Effect of no-tillage on soil bacterial and fungal community diversity: A meta-analysis
复制标题
免耕对土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性的影响：荟萃分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.still.2020.104721
复制
发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Siddique, Kadambot H. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yuze;Song, Duanpu;Siddique, Kadambot H. M.
免耕农业在全球范围内普遍存在；然而，免耕对土壤微生物多样性的影响是有争议的。需要综合现有的研究文献，并进行全面和统一的标准分析，以考察免耕对土壤微生物多样性的影响。为此，我们在来自世界各地的43篇同行评议文章的基础上进行了荟萃分析，对免耕下微生物群落的变化进行了141次观察。免耕对细菌和真菌群落多样性有不同的影响，增加了土壤细菌多样性，但对真菌多样性没有显著影响，土壤类型和秸秆对土壤细菌多样性有显著影响。无论是低(0-100 kg ha(-1))或高(200 kg ha(-1))施氮量都不能同时促进免耕土壤有机碳和全氮的增加，但中等施氮量(100-200 kg ha(-1))能同时促进土壤有机碳和全氮的增加。中等施氮量显著改变了免耕土壤微生物多样性，过高或过低施氮量对免耕土壤微生物多样性影响不显著。免耕显著增加了土壤中酸性细菌的相对丰度，降低了放线菌的相对丰度，而对变形杆菌、绿僵菌、浮游杆菌和类杆菌的影响不大。结构方程模型表明，免耕留茬通过改变土壤有机碳和全氮含量，对土壤微生物多样性的影响最为显著。长期免耕、留茬、施中氮的田间管理措施能提高土壤细菌多样性。
No-tillage farming is widespread globally; however, the impact of no-tillage on soil microbial diversity is debatable. The existing research literature needs to be synthesized and a comprehensive and unified standard analysis conducted to examine the effects of no-tillage on soil microbial diversity. To this end, we conducted a meta-analysis based on 43 peer-reviewed articles from around the world, with 141 observations on microbial community changes under no-tillage. No-tillage had different effects on bacterial and fungal community diversity-increasing soil bacterial diversity, with no significant change to fungal diversity-and soil type and stubble had a significant impact on soil bacterial diversity. Neither low (0-100 kg ha(-1)) nor high (> 200 kg ha(-1)) nitrogen applications could simultaneously promote soil organic carbon and total nitrogen under no-tillage, but a medium (100-200 kg ha(-1)) nitrogen application level accomplished this goal. A medium nitrogen application level significantly changed soil microbial diversity under no-tillage, while excessively high or low nitrogen application levels had no significant effect. No-tillage significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, decreased Actinobacteria, and had little effect on Proteobacteria, Chloroflex, Firmicute, and Bacteroides. A structural equation model showed that retaining stubble under no-tillage had the most significant effect on soil microbial diversity by changing soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents. Field management with long-term no-tillage, stubble, and medium nitrogen application can improve soil bacterial diversity.