The Differential Effect of Regulation across Plant Size: Comment on Pashigian
The Differential Effect of Regulation across Plant Size: Comment on Pashigian
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不同工厂规模监管的差异效应：对 Pashigian 的评论
DOI：
10.1086/467115
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
David S. Evans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David S. Evans
我指出，B. Peter Pashigian 最近发表的一篇文章的结论是，小企业的环境监管成本比大企业下降得更多，这一结论并没有得到他提供的统计证据的支持，而且与不同工厂和企业规模的污染减排成本的实际分布数据相矛盾。第二部分表明，较小工厂和企业的每名员工平均污染减排成本远小于大型工厂和企业。第三节表明，帕希吉安的统计分析并不支持他的结论，即小企业首当其冲地受到环境法规的影响。第四节提出结论。在继续之前，澄清为什么不同工厂或企业规模的监管成本发生率令人感兴趣，并总结 Pashigian 的分析，将是有用的。2 不同工厂或企业规模的监管差异效应很重要，至少有三个原因。首先，当监管合规存在规模经济且满足某些其他假设时，最优监管政策可能需要减轻监管负担
I SHOW that the conclusion of a recent article by B. Peter Pashigian, that environmental regulatory costs have fallen more heavily on smaller than on larger businesses, is not supported by the statistical evidence he presents and is contradicted by data on the actual distribution of pollution abatement costs across plant and firm sizes.l Section II shows that average pollution abatement costs per employee are substantially smaller for smaller plants and firms than for larger plants and firms. Section III shows that Pashigian's statistical analysis does not support his conclusion that small businesses have borne the brunt of environmental regulations. Section IV presents conclusions. Before proceeding, it will prove useful to clarify why the incidence of regulatory costs across plant or firm size is of interest and to summarize Pashigian's analysis.2 The differential effect of regulation across plant or firm size is important for at least three reasons. First, when there are scale economies in regulatory compliance and when certain other assumptions are met, optimal regulatory policy may require imposing a lighter regulatory burden on