Insights into Metal/Metalloid-Based Alloying Anodes for Potassium Ion Batteries

Insights into Metal/Metalloid-Based Alloying Anodes for Potassium Ion Batteries
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钾离子电池金属/类金属合金阳极的见解

DOI:
10.1021/acsmaterialslett.1c00477
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Bingan Lu
Bingan Lu
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jue Wang;Zhaomeng Liu;Jiang Zhou;Kai Han;Bingan Lu

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钾离子电池(PIB)是受欢迎但成本相对较高的锂离子电池的储能替代品中的领跑者之一。负极材料是电池的关键组成部分之一,对电池的电化学性能和商业化有着重要的影响。通过合金化反应来储存K+的金属/类金属基材料主要是令人感兴趣的,因为它们具有吸引人的理论体积容量。然而,这种类型的阳极远远不能令人满意,并面临着几个障碍,需要集中在反应机制和确定的发展挑战,这是在文献中缺乏的分析。本文首先对PIB中金属/类金属基合金化阳极的理论容量和趋势进行了评估,并讨论了它们的一般反应机理。然后重点介绍了它们的钾化机理、增强策略、结构与性能的关系,以及电解质、粘结剂和隔膜对它们的影响。最后,这一关键性的审查揭示了从以前的结果中学到的东西,并提出了进一步提高金属/类金属基合金阳极的潜在解决方案,这可能有利于PIB的发展。
Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) are one of the front runners among energy storage alternatives to the popular but relatively high-cost lithium ion batteries. The anode material, which is one of the critical battery components, influences the electrochemical performance as well as the commercialization in a significant way. Metal/metalloid-based materials operating through alloying reactions to store K+are predominantly interesting, because of their appealing theoretical volumetric capacities. However, this type of anode is far from satisfactory and faces several obstacles, requiring an analysis concentrating on the reaction mechanisms and identifying the development challenges, which is absent in the literature. This Review starts with evaluating the theoretical volumetric capacities and trend of metal/metalloid-based alloying anodes in PIBs, in addition to discussing their general reaction mechanisms. It then focuses on their detailed potassiation mechanism, enhancement strategies, and structure–performance relationship, besides the influence from the electrolyte, binder, and separator. In the end, this critical review sheds light on what are learned from the previous results and proposes potential solutions to further elevate metal/metalloid-based alloying anodes, which could benefit the development of PIBs significantly.
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